some help with a space shooter

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Socoder -> Blitz -> some help with a space shooter
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Thu, 08 Jul 2010, 10:06
j\\'ordos	I'm writing a simple 2D overhead 360 degrees space shooter in blitz3d. The problem I'm having is that I don't know how to calculate the ship's 'roll' (I have a bunch of frames for each ship with an image for each direction and varying stages of roll). Can anyone help me out here? Here's how the sprites are laid down (conveniently ripped from subspace aka continuum ) edit: in case it's useful, here's the player's update loop: .update_player Turn=KeyDown(pl\key_right)-KeyDown(pl\key_left) ;determine turn direction pl\angle#=pl\angle#+5TurnFL\SpeedFactor ;apply rotation If pl\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow pl\angle#=0 ElseIf pl\angle#<0 pl\angle#=359 EndIf Thrust=KeyDown(pl\key_up)-KeyDown(pl\key_down) ;determine thrust direction speedx#=0.1Thrusttable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;calculate thrust speedy#=0.1Thrusttable_Cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) pl\s#=pl\s#+speedx#(Abs(pl\s+speedx)<3) ;apply thrust pl\t#=pl\t#-speedy#(Abs(pl\t-speedy)<3) pl\x#=pl\x#+pl\s#FL\Speedfactor# ;apply velocity to player position pl\y#=pl\y#+pl\t#FL\Speedfactor# If KeyHit(pl\key_fireA) pr.projectile_f=New projectile_f pr\x#=pl\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) pr\y#=pl\y#+15.5-15table_Cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) pr\s#=12table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# pr\t#=-12table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# EndIf If Thrust<>0 And pl\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(180+Floor(pl\angle#)-359(pl\angle#>179));precalc sin&cos calc1c#=table_cos(180+Floor(pl\angle#)-359(pl\angle#>179)) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ex\x=screenxmid+10+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+10-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\s#=thrust4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor ex\t#=thrust4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ex\x=screenxmid+10+15Sin(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+10-15Cos(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\s#=thrust4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor ex\t#=thrust4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor ex\frame=0 pl\exhaust_t=5 Else pl\exhaust_t=pl\exhaust_t-1(pl\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf DrawImage gfx_wb,screenxmid,screenymid,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#) Return --v It seems to be working fine (aside from bullets sometimes not quite travelling the same direction as the ship is pointing), just need a way to add that roll effect
Thu, 15 Jul 2010, 05:01
j\\'ordos	I tried two solutions that someone provided me with but I can't get them to work correctly. I'm weak with math so could anyone check these formulas for any errors? First method I tried was using the inverse radius of a cricle: Function getcurvature(p1x#, p1y#, p2x#, p2y#, p3x#, p3y#) Local A#, B#, C#, D#, E#, F#, G#, cx#, cy#, rad# A = p2x - p1x B = p2y - p1y C = p3x - p1x D = p3y - p1y E = A * (p1x + p2x) + B * (p1y + p2y) F = C * (p1x + p3x) + D * (p1y + p3y) G = 2 * (A * (p3y - p2y) - B * (p3x - p2x)) If G = 0 Then Return 0 Else cx = (D * E - B * F) / G cy = (A * F - C * E) / G rad = Sqr((p1x - cx) ^ 2 + (p1y - cy) ^ 2) rad=1/rad Return rad EndIf End Function --v I found it in the blitz code database Results were odd though. Next I tried getting the sinus of the angle of a triangle Function get_curvature(p1x#, p1y#, p2x#, p2y#, p3x#, p3y#) Local dist1#,dist2#,dist3#,curve# dist1#=Sqr(Exp(p2x#-p1x#)+Exp(p2y#-p1y#)) dist2#=Sqr(Exp(p3x#-p2x#)+Exp(p3y#-p2y#)) dist3#=Sqr(Exp(p1x#-p3x#)+Exp(p1y#-p3y#)) curve#=Sin(ACos((Exp(dist1#)+Exp(dist2#)+Exp(dist3#)/(2dist1#dist2#)))) Return curve# End Function --v my own making so may be erroneous. here's the code to log the three coordinates I need for the formula: pl\clog=1-pl\clog pl\xlog#[pl\clog]=pl\x# pl\ylog#[pl\clog]=pl\y# pl\x#=pl\x#+pl\s#FL\Speedfactor# ;apply velocity to player position pl\y#=pl\y#+pl\t#FL\Speedfactor# pl\roll#=get_curvature(pl\x#,pl\y#,pl\xlog#[pl\clog],pl\ylog#[pl\clog],pl\xlog#[1-pl\clog],pl\ylog#[1-pl\clog]) --v Executed each cycle. Maybe that's too fast so the points are too close to each other? Might not be good for floating point inaccuracy? Also, I think I still need a way to detect a left or right roll with these formulas. On an unrelated note, is there any need to use a rectsoverlap() check before imagescollide() or does imagescollide do it's own bounding box check first? Thanks!
Thu, 15 Jul 2010, 13:51
Mog	Funny thing, I have all of Jeff Petersen's notes on his engines (the guy who made Continuum) but sadly, i'm not on my main PC Give me a while and i'll update you. I'm thinking that if it's anything like his other games, it's simply stepped through by a simple algorithm that corresponds with the frames through simple multiplication. I remember having to do the same for my Infantry project (another one of his games) and it being like that. Like said, give me a bit and i'll dig up those notes... -=-=- I am Busy Mongoose - My Website Dev PC: AMD 8150-FX, 16gb Ram, GeForce GTX 680 2gb Current Project: Pyroxene
Thu, 15 Jul 2010, 17:08
j\\'ordos	Hey that's be awesome! You had anything to do with infantry? Or did you try programming your own version? Subspace kept the upright frames and the rolling frames in seperate images (the rolling effect could be disabled), I just added them together since I thought it'd be easier that way. Anyway it'd be nice to have information on how the original did things!
Thu, 15 Jul 2010, 22:25
Mog	I was an early tester that came from the whole SubSpace crowd, and contributed some media over the years to the Harmless Games team... now a few players and myself are working on a newer client / server suite with things such as bots and heavier scripting capabilities. Anyways, I haven't played too much with SS/Con, what was the exact original media so i can kind of match it up to what i know -- You said you merged all of them into one file? -=-=- I am Busy Mongoose - My Website Dev PC: AMD 8150-FX, 16gb Ram, GeForce GTX 680 2gb Current Project: Pyroxene
Fri, 16 Jul 2010, 05:39
j\\'ordos	Yes, subspace has one image file with all ships lumped together, but only the 'upright' image frames (no roll), like this: Then it has one image file for each ship (so 8 files in total) containing the rolling frames, just like the one I attached to the first post, except I added the upright frames to the center of that image, the idea being that I'd have a roll variable which would become negative for a roll in one direction and positive for a roll on the other direction (0 for upright). But the original files do not have the upright position in there.
Fri, 16 Jul 2010, 06:16
Mog	Here's a quick idea until i work it out. You have 40 frames per angle/roll, and 5 roll sectors to left and right with one neutral in the middle. Dead center facing up is frame 200, so naturally -1 (Roll to Left) and +1 (roll to right) will fall at 200-40 (160) and 200+40 (240). Like said, sadly i'm not on my normal workstation and can only kludge together this quick code for blitz3D to display this idea. Mind you that the end frame is Starting frame +39 (since frame 0 is still technically a frame!), and within your game, you may want to round frames by angle to get the true frame you should be rendering - which off the top of my head, 360 / 40 = 9 steps between each frame. Graphics 800,600,0,2 SetBuffer BackBuffer() img=LoadAnimImage("wbroll.png",36,36,0,440) MidHandle img Global frame=200 Global endframe=frame+40 Global Roll=0 While Not KeyDown(1) frame=frame+1 If frame>Endframe Frame=frame-39 If KeyHit(203) Roll=Roll-1 CalculateRoll() EndIf If KeyHit(205) Roll=Roll+1 CalculateRoll() EndIf DrawImage img,400,300,frame Flip Cls Delay 20 Wend Function CalculateRoll() If Roll<-5 Roll=-5 If Roll>5 Roll=5 Frame=200+(Roll*40) endframe=frame+39 End Function --v -=-=- I am Busy Mongoose - My Website Dev PC: AMD 8150-FX, 16gb Ram, GeForce GTX 680 2gb Current Project: Pyroxene
Fri, 16 Jul 2010, 07:33
j\\'ordos	Thanks but I already got that far: I originally checked if the player was both thrusting and turning at the same time, if true I would add/substract from a roll var which I capped at 5/-5. Then I'd display the ship like this: DrawImage gfx_wb,screenxmid,screenymid,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40*Int(pl\roll#) --v This works fine but if the player is still moving due to inertia and then turns his ship and only after turning starts thrusting again the ship will change direction without rolling. It's a minor issue now I look at it again, but in subspace it's done differently (the ship rolls even in the above mentioned case) and I'd like to emulate it as close as possible
Fri, 16 Jul 2010, 08:28
Mog	I always thought in Subspace, when you turned it simply banked to whatever direction they were turning then slowly faded back to neutral. I'm trying to wrap my head around what you mean about it not banking after thrusting out of an inertial drift (right? is that what you meant?) that it doesn't bank.. So are you trying to only make it bank only when thrusting and turning? Bank only in inertial drift? Again, sorry for lack of further help and stumbling about, been on bare-minimal amount of sleep lately D: -=-=- I am Busy Mongoose - My Website Dev PC: AMD 8150-FX, 16gb Ram, GeForce GTX 680 2gb Current Project: Pyroxene
Fri, 16 Jul 2010, 09:13
j\\'ordos	No, the ship only banks when the ship's vector changes, turning in place does not bank the ship. The code you provided would bank the ship when turning even when the ship's not moving. The effect I was trying to describe is when a player thrusts his ship forward, releases the thrust key - the ship continues to travel in the same direction and at the same speed due to frictionless physics - then the player would turn the ship without applying thrust. At this point the ship should not bank as it hasn't changed the actual direction it's traveling yet. Only when the player then applies thrust again, after turning the ship, should the ship bank. This is how it happens in the latest continuum client at least. The code I devised at first did not bank the ship unless the player was holding down both a turning key and a thrusting key. The two 'solutions' I attempted in my second post don't work properly. Sorry if it's a bit confusing, I don't know how to describe it any better.
Fri, 30 Jul 2010, 18:49
j\\'ordos	I could use some help making the AI ships 'lead' their shots. I have the following setup: first we get the distance between the player and the AI Dist=Sqr((np\x#-pl\x#)^2+(np\y#-pl\y#)^2) --v then we calculate the time needed for the projectile to cover that distance t#=dist/wb\speed ;wb stands for weapon_bomb --v and then we calculate the target x&y pos based on the player's current x&y speed and angle: tx#=pl\x#+(t#pl\s#)table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ty#=pl\y#-(t#pl\t#)table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) --v The accuracy is appalling though. Feels like there is something inherently wrong with this code... Another problem is that it does not take into account the velocity of the AI spaceship, which is added to that of the bullet. bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# ;bm stands for bomb bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# --v
Tue, 03 Aug 2010, 21:16
Teasy	Hey j\'ordos Ship roll Here's a little program I baked for ya, which I hope mimics your desired ship roll behavior, from having read your elaborate explanations AppTitle "Ship roll test" ; Uses Input: Key_Up, Key_Left, Key_Right ; Uses Math: CapFloat, RangeFloat, ScalePoint, vx, vy, vd, va Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Math.Lib.BB" Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Input.Def.bb" Const sx = 320 Const sy = 240 Const maxthrust = 15 Const thrustintensity# = 0.003 Const maxrotate = 15 Const rotateintensity# = 0.2 Const maxspeed = 2 ; maximum velocity Graphics sx,sy , 0,3 SetBuffer BackBuffer() SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) Local x# = sx/2 Local y# = sy/2 Local angle# ; 0..360 degrees; ship direction Local thrust ; (forward) thrust velocity (0 = none, n = max) {@@} Local rotate ; rotation velocity (-n = max left, 0 = none, +n = max right) {@@} Local roll ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right {@@} Local xV#,yV# ; ship velocity (cartesian) Local dV#,aV# ; (polar; distance,angle) Local timer = CreateTimer( 60 ) Repeat ; ship rotation (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Left ) rotate = rotate - 1 ElseIf KeyDown( Key_Right ) rotate = rotate + 1 Else ; stabilize rotation velocity If rotate < 0 rotate = rotate + 1 ElseIf rotate > 0 rotate = rotate - 1 End If End If ; limit rotation velocity boundary rotate = CapFloat( rotate , -maxrotate,+maxrotate ) ; add rotation velocity to ship rotation angle = angle + rotaterotateintensity ; overflow rotation boundary angle = RangeFloat( angle , 360 ) ; ship thrust (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Up ) thrust = thrust + 1 Else thrust = thrust - 1 End If ; limit thrust boundary thrust = CapFloat( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ; add thrust vector to current velocity vector xV = xV + vx( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) yV = yV + vy( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) ; limit velocity vector dV = vd( xV,yV ) If dV > maxspeed dV = maxspeed aV = va( xV,yV ) xV = vx( dV,aV ) yV = vy( dV,aV ) End If ; move ship according to velocity vector x = x + xV y = y + yV ; overflow ship location boundary x = RangeFloat( x,sx ) y = RangeFloat( y,sy ) ; roll = rotation velocity thrust velocity {@@} roll = ScalePoint( rotatethrust , 0,maxrotatemaxthrust , 0,5 ) ; render drawship x,y , angle,roll,thrust Color 176,255,0 Text 0,0 , "Thrust: "+thrust Text 0,10 , "Rotate: "+rotate Text 0,20 , "Roll: "+roll Flip WaitTimer timer Cls Until KeyHit( 1 ) End Function drawship( xpos,ypos , angle,rollpos,thrust , r=128,g=192,b=255 ) ; Param xpos,ypos ; pixel location on screen of ship center of rotation ; Param angle ; 0..360 degrees (0=up) ; Param rollpos ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right ; Param thrust ; 0..100: used only for flame effect (unimplemented) ; Param r,g,b ; ship color ; ship shape Local xT#,yT#,dT#,aT# ; top Local xL#,yL#,dL#,aL# ; left Local xR#,yR#,dR#,aR# ; right Local xB#,yB#,dB#,aB# ; bottom ; ship roll colors Local bL#,bR# ; brightness left/right ; boundary checking rollpos = CapFloat( rollpos , -5,+5 ) ; ship shape (grid coordinates) xT = 0 yT = 0 - 10 + 2 xL = 0 - 5 yL = 0 + 3 + 2 xR = 0 + 5 yR = 0 + 3 + 2 xB = 0 yB = 0 + 2 ; alter shape according to roll xL = xL - rollpos / 2 xR = xR - rollpos / 2 ; convert to distance/angle and rotate ship dT = vd( xT,yT ) aT = va( xT,yT ) + angle dL = vd( xL,yL ) aL = va( xL,yL ) + angle dR = vd( xR,yR ) aR = va( xR,yR ) + angle dB = vd( xB,yB ) aB = va( xB,yB ) + angle ; convert back to grid (x,y) and position ship xT = vx( dT,aT ) + xpos yT = vy( dT,aT ) + ypos xL = vx( dL,aL ) + xpos yL = vy( dL,aL ) + ypos xR = vx( dR,aR ) + xpos yR = vy( dR,aR ) + ypos xB = vx( dB,aB ) + xpos yB = vy( dB,aB ) + ypos ; colorize wings according to roll bL = ScalePoint( rollpos , -5,+5 , 0.5,1 ) bR = ScalePoint( rollpos , -5,+5 , 1,0.5 ) ; draw ship (center) Color r,g,b Line xT,yT , xB,yB ; (left wing) Color rbL,gbL,bbL Line xT,yT , xL,yL Line xB,yB , xL,yL ; (right wing) Color rbR,gbR,bbR Line xT,yT , xR,yR Line xB,yB , xR,yR End Function --v Ship roll 1.BB: Use cursor left/right to rotate and cursor up to thrust (Esc to quit). From what I understood, you're looking for: RollPosition = RotationVelocity ThrustVelocity* I've marked the most relevant bits in the code with {@@} so you can easily locate the juicy parts Target intercept Well, I've made another program for ya, which demonstrates 'artificial intelligence' firing at the player ship with prediction/interception. It uses a math algorithm (which I don't understand ) from the BlitzCoder-era. As a side-note, I've altered the ship roll behavior in the second program to be a bit more natural in my opinion Also here I've marked the most relevant bits with {@@}. AppTitle "Ship roll test & intercept" ; Uses Input: Key_Up, Key_Left, Key_Right ; Uses Math: CapFloat, RangeFloat, ScalePoint, vx, vy, vd, va, InterceptAngle Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Math.Lib.BB" Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Input.Def.bb" Const dot_maxupdates = 200 ; time to live, in number of visual update frames Type dot Field x#,y# ; location Field xV#,yV# ; velocity (x,y) Field w,h ; dimensions (width,height) Field r,g,b ; color Field updates ; number of updates since being alive (time to live) Field neverdies ; keep this dot alive no matter what :P End Type Function newdot.dot( x#,y# , xV#=0,yV#=0 , w=2,h=2 , r=255,g=192,b=128 , neverdies=False ) Local dot.dot dot = New dot dot\x = x dot\y = y dot\xV = xV dot\yV = yV dot\w = w dot\h = h dot\r = r dot\g = g dot\b = b dot\neverdies = neverdies Return dot End Function ; update and draw dots Function uddots() Local dot.dot Local ox#,oy# ; offset (upper-left corner) Local b# ; brightness For dot = Each dot dot\x = dot\x + dot\xV dot\y = dot\y + dot\yV ; dots that never die If dot\neverdies ; stay full-bright b = 1 Else ; brightness depends on updates (time to live) ; - e.g. dots fade in time b = ScalePoint( dot\updates , 0,dot_maxupdates , 1,0.2 ) End If ; render ox = dot\x-dot\w/2 oy = dot\y-dot\h/2 ; (shade/outline) Color dot\rb/2,dot\gb/2,dot\bb/2 Rect ox-1,oy-1 , dot\w+2,dot\h+2 ; (core) Color dot\rb,dot\gb,dot\bb Rect ox,oy , dot\w,dot\h ;; off-screen ;If Not RectsOverlap( ox,oy , dot\w,dot\h , 0,0 , sx,sy ) ; Delete dot ;End If ; overflow screen boundary dot\x = RangeFloat( dot\x,sx ) dot\y = RangeFloat( dot\y,sy ) ; count updates dot\updates = dot\updates + 1 ; this dot can disappear If dot\neverdies = False ; check if the number of updates exceeds the limit If dot\updates >= dot_maxupdates Delete dot End If End If Next End Function Global lastfirestate$ Function firedot( oX#,oY#,oVx#=0,oVy#=0 , tX#,tY#,tVx#=0,tVy#=0 ) ;{@@} ; Param oX,oY,oVx,oVy ; origin location and velocity ; Param tX,tY,tVx,tVy ; target location and velocity Local pV# ; desired projectile velocity Local iA# ; intercept angle ; projectile is a little faster than the ship (with some variation) pV = 3 + Rnd( -.5,.5 ) ; calculate angle of intercept iA = InterceptAngle( oX,oY,oVx,oVy , tX,tY,tVx,tVy , pV ) ; target can't be hit If iA = Math_InterceptAngle_OutOfRange ; fire directly at target instead (with some variation) iA = va( tX-oX,tY-oY ) + Rnd( -2,2 ) lastfirestate = "Direct (out of range)" Else lastfirestate = "Intercept" End If ; launch projectile newdot oX,oY , vx( pV,iA ),vy( pV,iA ) End Function ; check for collision between dots and (rectangular) object Function collidots( x,y , w,h ) Local dot.dot For dot = Each dot If RectsOverlap( dot\x-dot\w/2,dot\y-dot\h/2,dot\w,dot\h , x,y,w,h ) Return True End If Next End Function Const sx = 320 Const sy = 240 Const maxthrust = 15 Const thrustintensity# = 0.003 Const maxrotate = 15 Const rotateintensity# = 0.2 Const maxspeed = 2 ; maximum velocity Const sourcex = sx/2 Const sourcey = sy/16 Graphics sx,sy , 0,3 SetBuffer BackBuffer() SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) SeedRnd MilliSecs() Local x# = sx/2 Local y# = sy/2 Local angle# ; 0..360 degrees; ship direction Local thrust ; (forward) thrust velocity (0 = none, n = max) Local rotate ; rotation velocity (-n = max left, 0 = none, +n = max right) Local roll ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right Local xV#,yV# ; ship velocity (cartesian) Local dV#,aV# ; (polar; distance,angle) Local gametimer = CreateTimer( 60 ) ; keep game speed same on faster computers Local lastfiretime ; keep track of firing interval Local ms ; keep track of time Local flash# ; flashing brightness (0..1) Local hit ; collision ; (visual) firing host (source) newdot sourcex,sourcey , 0,0 , 4,4 , 192,0,0 , True Repeat ; sync current time ms = MilliSecs() ; ship rotation (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Left ) rotate = rotate - 1 ElseIf KeyDown( Key_Right ) rotate = rotate + 1 Else ; stabilize rotation velocity If rotate < 0 rotate = rotate + 1 ElseIf rotate > 0 rotate = rotate - 1 End If End If ; limit rotation velocity boundary rotate = CapFloat( rotate , -maxrotate,+maxrotate ) ; add rotation velocity to ship rotation angle = angle + rotaterotateintensity ; overflow rotation boundary angle = RangeFloat( angle , 360 ) ; ship thrust (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Up ) thrust = thrust + 1 Else thrust = thrust - 1 End If ; limit thrust boundary thrust = CapFloat( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ; add thrust vector to current velocity vector xV = xV + vx( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) yV = yV + vy( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) ; limit velocity vector dV = vd( xV,yV ) If dV > maxspeed dV = maxspeed aV = va( xV,yV ) xV = vx( dV,aV ) yV = vy( dV,aV ) End If ; move ship according to velocity vector x = x + xV y = y + yV ; overflow ship location boundary x = RangeFloat( x,sx ) y = RangeFloat( y,sy ) ; roll = rotation velocity roll = ScalePoint( rotate , 0,maxrotate , 0,5 ) ; timed firing host shots If ms - lastfiretime >= 2500 lastfiretime = ms firedot sourcex,sourcey , 0,0 , x,y , xV,yV ;{@@} End If ; collision check hit = collidots( x-5,y-5 , 10,10 ) ; flash ship on collision If hit flash = 1 Else ; diminish flash If flash > 0 flash = flash - .05 Else flash = 0 End If End If ; render uddots drawship x,y , angle,roll,thrust,flash Color 176,255,0 Text 0,0 , "Fire type: "+lastfirestate Flip WaitTimer gametimer Cls Until KeyHit( 1 ) End Function drawship( xpos,ypos , angle,rollpos,thrust,flash# , r=128,g=192,b=255 ) ; Param xpos,ypos ; pixel location on screen of ship center of rotation ; Param angle ; 0..360 degrees (0=up) ; Param rollpos ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right ; Param thrust ; 0..100: used only for flame effect (unimplemented) ; Param flash ; flash white (1.0) on hit, or normal (0.0) ; Param r,g,b ; ship color ; ship shape Local xT#,yT#,dT#,aT# ; top Local xL#,yL#,dL#,aL# ; left Local xR#,yR#,dR#,aR# ; right Local xB#,yB#,dB#,aB# ; bottom ; ship roll colors Local bL#,bR# ; brightness left/right ; boundary checking rollpos = CapFloat( rollpos , -5,+5 ) ; ship shape (grid coordinates) xT = 0 yT = 0 - 10 + 2 xL = 0 - 5 yL = 0 + 3 + 2 xR = 0 + 5 yR = 0 + 3 + 2 xB = 0 yB = 0 + 2 ; alter shape according to roll xL = xL - rollpos / 2 xR = xR - rollpos / 2 ; convert to distance/angle and rotate ship dT = vd( xT,yT ) aT = va( xT,yT ) + angle dL = vd( xL,yL ) aL = va( xL,yL ) + angle dR = vd( xR,yR ) aR = va( xR,yR ) + angle dB = vd( xB,yB ) aB = va( xB,yB ) + angle ; convert back to grid (x,y) and position ship xT = vx( dT,aT ) + xpos yT = vy( dT,aT ) + ypos xL = vx( dL,aL ) + xpos yL = vy( dL,aL ) + ypos xR = vx( dR,aR ) + xpos yR = vy( dR,aR ) + ypos xB = vx( dB,aB ) + xpos yB = vy( dB,aB ) + ypos ; colorize wings according to roll bL = ScalePoint( rollpos , -5,+5 , 0.5,1 ) bR = ScalePoint( rollpos , -5,+5 , 1,0.5 ) ; flash changes ship shade/color to white If flash > 0 r = r+(255-r)flash g = g+(255-g)flash b = b+(255-b)flash End If ; draw ship (center) Color r,g,b Line xT,yT , xB,yB ; (left wing) Color rbL,gbL,bbL Line xT,yT , xL,yL Line xB,yB , xL,yL ; (right wing) Color rbR,gbR,bbR Line xT,yT , xR,yR Line xB,yB , xR,yR End Function --v Ship roll 2 & intercept.BB: Use cursor left/right to rotate and cursor up to thrust (Esc to quit). The InterceptAngle function (see below) has support for both source and target velocities, which is what I think you were after. Include files Both programs use a separate math 'library' file and an input definition file, for my own convenience Most stuff is fairly well commented/documented, but if you're ever in the dark, lemme know ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; * Mathematical Routines ; Ver 2010 Feb 12 ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; This library auto-initializes ; Note: Some of these functions are NOT backward compatible with pre-2007 code ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Change-Log: ; 2010 Feb 12 ; - Localized variables in InterceptAngle function ; 2010 Feb 26 ; - optimized ScalePoint (30% faster) ; - added ScalePointTri ; - added random generator encapsulation routines ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Random Encapsulation (pre-cached blitz random generator) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Const randencap_defaultdiversity = 73451 Global randencap_position = 0 Global randencap_diversity = 0 Dim randencap_value#( 0 ) Function Random#( startpoint# = 0 , endpoint# = 1 ) randencap_position = randencap_position + 1 If randencap_position > randencap_diversity randencap_position = 0 EndIf Return startpoint + (endpoint - startpoint) * randencap_value( randencap_position ) End Function Function InitRandom( seed = -2147483648 , diversity = randencap_defaultdiversity ) ; seed generator If seed = -2147483648 seed = MilliSecs() EndIf SeedRnd seed ; fill array randencap_diversity = diversity Dim randencap_value( diversity ) For randencap_position = 0 To randencap_diversity randencap_value( randencap_position ) = Rnd( 0,1 ) Next ; from the top randencap_position = 0 End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Precalculate look-up tables ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Const Math_DistMax = 100 Dim Math_DistTable( Math_DistMax,Math_DistMax ) Global Math_SinTable#[ 360 ] Global Math_CosTable#[ 360 ] Function Math_InitTables() Local x,y Local Angle For y = 0 To Math_DistMax For x = 0 To Math_DistMax Math_DistTable( x,y ) = Sqr( xx + yy ) Next Next For Angle = 0 To 360 Math_SinTable[ Angle ] = Sin( Angle ) Math_CosTable[ Angle ] = Cos( Angle ) Next End Function Math_InitTables ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Wrapper functions for look-up tables ; - very fast for imprecise trigonometry ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; - accuracy <~1% on large numbers ; - slower than VectorDist! (probably due to 2 divisions) Function qDist( dx,dy ) Local scale ; make positive If dx < 0 dx = -dx EndIf If dy < 0 dy = -dy EndIf ; out of table range If dx > Math_DistMax Or dy > Math_DistMax ; most significant dimension If dx > dy ; scale to fit in table (down & up again) scale = dx / Math_DistMax Return Math_DistTable( Math_DistMax,dy/scale ) * scale Else ; scale to fit in table (down & up again) scale = dy / Math_DistMax Return Math_DistTable( dx/scale,Math_DistMax ) * scale EndIf Else ; straight pass through Return Math_DistTable( dx,dy ) EndIf End Function Function qSin#( Value% ) If Value < 0 Then Return Math_SinTable[ 360 - Abs( Value ) Mod 360 ] If Value >= 360 Then Return Math_SinTable[ Value Mod 360 ] Return Math_SinTable[ Value ] End Function Function qCos#( Value% ) If Value < 0 Then Return Math_CosTable[ 360 - Abs( Value ) Mod 360 ] If Value >= 360 Then Return Math_CosTable[ Value Mod 360 ] Return Math_CosTable[ Value ] End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Vectors / trigonometry ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; polar & cartesian coordinate conversion routines Function VectorX# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle ) * Distance End Function Function VectorY# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle - 90 ) * Distance End Function Function VectorDistance# ( X# , Y# ) Return Sqr ( X * X + Y * Y ) End Function Function VectorAngle# ( X# , Y# ) Return -ATan2 ( X , Y ) + 180 End Function ; short hand Function vx# ( d# , a# ) Return Sin ( a ) * d End Function Function vy# ( d# , a# ) Return Sin ( a - 90 ) * d End Function Function vd# ( x# , y# ) Return Sqr ( x * x + y * y ) End Function Function va# ( x# , y# ) Return -ATan2 ( x , y ) + 180 End Function ; quick and imprecise Function qvx# ( d# , a# ) Return qSin ( a ) * d End Function Function qvy# ( d# , a# ) Return qSin ( a - 90 ) * d End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Range limiting (overflow) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function RangeFloat#( Value# , Max#=360 ) If Value < 0 Then Return Max - Abs( Value ) Mod Max If Value >= Max Then Return Value Mod Max Return Value End Function Function RangeInt%( Value% , Max%=360 ) If Value < 0 Then Return Max - Abs( Value ) Mod Max If Value >= Max Then Return Value Mod Max Return Value End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Capping (no overflow) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function CapFloat#( Value# , Min#,Max# ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function CapInt%( Value% , Min%,Max% ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Comparison ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function HighestFloat#( Value1# , Value2# ) If Value1 > Value2 Return Value1 Else Return Value2 EndIf End Function Function HighestInt%( Value1% , Value2% ) If Value1 > Value2 Return Value1 Else Return Value2 EndIf End Function Function LowestFloat#( Value1# , Value2# ) If Value1 < Value2 Return Value1 Else Return Value2 EndIf End Function Function LowestInt%( Value1% , Value2% ) If Value1 < Value2 Return Value1 Else Return Value2 EndIf End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Step limiting (interleaving) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function InterleaveInt%( Angle% , RotationInterval%=5,Angles%=360 ) Return Int( Float( RangeInt( Angle,Angles ) - RotationInterval ) / RotationInterval ) * RotationInterval + RotationInterval End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Scaling ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function InterpolatePoint#( start#,finish# , delta#=0.5 ) Return start + (finish-start) * delta End Function ; scale a point from range1 to range2 Function ScalePoint#( point# , range1start#,range1end# , range2start#,range2end# ) Return (point-range1start) / (range1end-range1start) * (range2end-range2start) + range2start End Function ; like scalepoint, but with a controllable middle node (dual-linear interpolation) Function ScalePointTri#( p# , s1#,e1# , s2#,e2# , k#=0.0 ) ; point, start1,end1, start2,end2 ; kneepoint (-1 = lowest, 0 = center, 1 = highest) ; not fully optimized ; but speed is okay If k = 0 ;Return ScalePoint( p , s1,e1 , s2,e2 ) Return (p-s1) * (e2-s2) / (e1-s1) + s2 End If ; range1, range2, delta Local r1# = e1-s1 Local r2# = e2-s2 Local d# = (p-s1) / r1 ; segment 1 (left) If d < 0.5 ; 0 .. 0 : k = -1 ; 0 .. r2/2 [+s2] : k = 0 ; 0 .. r2 : k = 1 ;r2 = r2 * 2 d = d * 2 k = (k + 1) / 2 Return r2 * d * k + s2 ; segment 2 (right) Else ; 0 .. r2 : k = -1 ; r2/2 .. r2 [+s2] : k = 0 ; r2 .. r2 : k = 1 ;d = d2 ;k = (k + 1) / 2 ;r2 = r2 2 ;Return ScalePoint( d * k , 0.5+0,1+1 , 0,r2 ) d = 1 - (d - 0.5) * 2 ; 0..1 k = 1 - (k + 1) / 2 ; 0..1 ;Return r2-ScalePoint( (1-d)(1-k) , 0,1 , 0,r2 )+s2 ;Return ScalePoint( dk , 0,1 , r2,0 )+s2 Return r2 - (dk) r2 + s2 End If End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Angles ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; rotate 2D coordinate around point (0,0) Global RotatedX# Global RotatedY# Function RotatePoint( x#,y# , a# ) Local d# = Sqr( xx + yy ) a = a + 180 - ATan2( x,y ) RotatedX = Sin( a ) * d RotatedY = Sin( a-90 ) * d End Function ; return relative angle difference (takes angle wrapping into account) ; - max angle difference: 359 degrees Function AngleDifference( CurrentAngle , TargetAngle ) If TargetAngle - CurrentAngle > 180 Then TargetAngle = TargetAngle - 360 If CurrentAngle - TargetAngle > 180 Then CurrentAngle = CurrentAngle - 360 Return CurrentAngle - TargetAngle End Function ; calculate intelligent hit angle with constant object and projectile speed Const Math_InterceptAngle_OutOfRange = -1001 Function InterceptAngle( ex#,ey# , evx#,evy# , px#,py# , pvx#,pvy# , bs# , maxtime=0 ) ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------;----------------------------------- ; Find projectile intercept angle from Source (Enemy) to Target (Player) ; Algorithm: Eelco <eelco_hoogendoorn@hotmail.com> ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------; Wrapper: Teasy <thechange@yahoo.com> ; Parameters ; Source: INTER~29.BB ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; (ex,ey) Enemy position ; evx & evy Enemy velocity vector ; (px,py) Player position ; pvx & pvy Player velocity vector ; bs Bullet speed ; maxradius Radius for the player to be in (now or future), 0 = no limit ; maxtime Only shoot if (future) time of impact is below this amount ; (0 = no limit) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Make player motion relative to enemy motion ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local es# = Sqr( evxevx + evyevy ) Local ea# = ATan2( evy,evx ) ; Local ps# = Sqr( pvxpvx + pvypvy ) Local pa# = ATan2( pvy,pvx ) ; Local rpvx#=pvx-evx ; Relative player velocity Local rpvy#=pvy-evy ; (Cart vector) ; ps=Sqr( rpvxrpvx + rpvyrpvy ) ; Relative player motion (polar) vector pa=ATan2( -rpvy,rpvx ) ; Warning: overrides ps,pa ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Relative distance to player from enemy ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local rx#=px-ex ; Relative player-enemy distance Local ry#=py-ey ; (Cart vector) ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player must be moving ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; If Abs( ps )>=0.000001 ; If player speed is more than a little ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Find where player will be, using player motion and bullet speed ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : Local a#=ATan2( ey-py,ex-px ) ; Angle player->enemy Local n#=Sin( -pa-a )/bsps ; Angle relative to player, speed scaled ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player path must be within range for bullet to hit ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : If n>=-1 And n<=1 ; Can bullet ever hit player? ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; New bullet motion for impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local ba#=180+ASin( n )-a ; Rotated angle back to enemy ; : ; Local bvx#=Cos( ba )bs ; New bullet velocity (cart) vector Local bvy#=-Sin( ba )bs ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; See when the bullet will impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local d#=bvypvx - bvxpvy ; Intersection ; : ; If Abs( d )>=0.000001 ; Avoid infinitely small Local t#=( bvxry - bvyrx )/d ; Time of intersection ; : ; \| If Not ( maxtime>0 And t>=maxtime Or t<0 ) ; Time must be in future but not too far Return VectorAngle( bvx,bvy ) ; Convert back to: Up = 0 degrees EndIf ; : ; \| EndIf ; : ; EndIf EndIf ; Return Math_InterceptAngle_OutOfRange End Function ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Collision ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function PointInRect( px,py , rx,ry , w,h ) If px>rx If py>ry If px<rx+w-1 If py<ry+h-1 Return True EndIf EndIf EndIf EndIf End Function Function PointInTriangle( x0,y0 , x1,y1 , x2,y2 , x3,y3 ) Local b0#,b1#,b2#,b3# b0 = (x2 - x1) (y3 - y1) - (x3 - x1) * (y2 - y1) b1 = ((x2 - x0) * (y3 - y0) - (x3 - x0) * (y2 - y0)) / b0 b2 = ((x3 - x0) * (y1 - y0) - (x1 - x0) * (y3 - y0)) / b0 b3 = ((x1 - x0) * (y2 - y0) - (x2 - x0) * (y1 - y0)) / b0 If b1>0 And b2>0 And b3>0 Then Return True End Function --v Math.Lib.BB: Collection of math functions and definitions. ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ; Input Definitions (Mouse, keyboard) ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; 27 Feb 2010 ; - Changed visual name 'Pad ..' to 'NumPad ..' ; 02 Jan 2007 ; - Last known edit (unknown) ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local DefInput_Number ;======================================================================================================================; ; ® Numeric names Dim Numeric_Name$ ( 255 ) Numeric_Name ( 0 ) = "Zero" Numeric_Name ( 1 ) = "One" Numeric_Name ( 2 ) = "Two" Numeric_Name ( 3 ) = "Three" Numeric_Name ( 4 ) = "Four" Numeric_Name ( 5 ) = "Five" Numeric_Name ( 6 ) = "Six" Numeric_Name ( 7 ) = "Seven" Numeric_Name ( 8 ) = "Eight" Numeric_Name ( 9 ) = "Nine" Numeric_Name ( 10 ) = "Ten" Numeric_Name ( 11 ) = "Eleven" Numeric_Name ( 12 ) = "Twelve" For DefInput_Number = 13 To 255 Numeric_Name ( DefInput_Number ) = DefInput_Number Next ;======================================================================================================================; ; ® Mouse button values and names Const Button_Left% = 1 Const Button_Right% = 2 Const Button_Middle% = 3 Dim Button_Name$ ( 255 ) Button_Name ( 0 ) = "Button " + Numeric_Name ( 0 ) Button_Name ( Button_Left ) = "Left Button" Button_Name ( Button_Right ) = "Right Button" Button_Name ( Button_Middle ) = "Middle Button" For DefInput_Number = 4 To 255 Button_Name ( DefInput_Number ) = "Button " + Numeric_Name ( DefInput_Number ) Next ;======================================================================================================================; ; ® Joystick button names Dim Joy_Name$ ( 255 ) Joy_Name ( 0 ) = "Button " + Numeric_Name ( 0 ) Joy_Name ( 1 ) = "Primary Button" Joy_Name ( 2 ) = "Secondary Button" Joy_Name ( 3 ) = "Tertiary Button" Joy_Name ( 4 ) = "Quaternary Button" Joy_Name ( 5 ) = "Quinary Button" Joy_Name ( 6 ) = "Senary Button" Joy_Name ( 7 ) = "Septenary Button" Joy_Name ( 8 ) = "Octonary Button" Joy_Name ( 9 ) = "Nonary Button" Joy_Name ( 10 ) = "Denary Button" Joy_Name ( 11 ) = "Button Eleven" Joy_Name ( 12 ) = "Duodenary Button" For DefInput_Number = 13 To 255 Joy_Name ( DefInput_Number ) = "Button " + Numeric_Name ( DefInput_Number ) Next ;======================================================================================================================; ; ® Scancodes ;-( Numeric )--------------------------------------------; Const Key_1% = 2 Const Key_2% = 3 Const Key_3% = 4 Const Key_4% = 5 Const Key_5% = 6 Const Key_6% = 7 Const Key_7% = 8 Const Key_8% = 9 Const Key_9% = 10 Const Key_0% = 11 Dim Key_Num% ( 9 ) Key_Num ( 0 ) = Key_0 Key_Num ( 1 ) = Key_1 Key_Num ( 2 ) = Key_2 Key_Num ( 3 ) = Key_3 Key_Num ( 4 ) = Key_4 Key_Num ( 5 ) = Key_5 Key_Num ( 6 ) = Key_6 Key_Num ( 7 ) = Key_7 Key_Num ( 8 ) = Key_8 Key_Num ( 9 ) = Key_9 ;-( Alphabetic )-----------------------------------------; Const Key_Q% = 16 Const Key_W% = 17 Const Key_E% = 18 Const Key_R% = 19 Const Key_T% = 20 Const Key_Y% = 21 Const Key_U% = 22 Const Key_I% = 23 Const Key_O% = 24 Const Key_P% = 25 Const Key_A% = 30 Const Key_S% = 31 Const Key_D% = 32 Const Key_F% = 33 Const Key_G% = 34 Const Key_H% = 35 Const Key_J% = 36 Const Key_K% = 37 Const Key_L% = 38 Const Key_Z% = 44 Const Key_X% = 45 Const Key_C% = 46 Const Key_V% = 47 Const Key_B% = 48 Const Key_N% = 49 Const Key_M% = 50 Dim Key_Alpha% ( 26 ) Key_Alpha ( 1 ) = Key_A Key_Alpha ( 2 ) = Key_B Key_Alpha ( 3 ) = Key_C Key_Alpha ( 4 ) = Key_D Key_Alpha ( 5 ) = Key_E Key_Alpha ( 6 ) = Key_F Key_Alpha ( 7 ) = Key_G Key_Alpha ( 8 ) = Key_H Key_Alpha ( 9 ) = Key_I Key_Alpha ( 10 ) = Key_J Key_Alpha ( 11 ) = Key_K Key_Alpha ( 12 ) = Key_L Key_Alpha ( 13 ) = Key_M Key_Alpha ( 14 ) = Key_N Key_Alpha ( 15 ) = Key_O Key_Alpha ( 16 ) = Key_P Key_Alpha ( 17 ) = Key_Q Key_Alpha ( 18 ) = Key_R Key_Alpha ( 19 ) = Key_S Key_Alpha ( 20 ) = Key_T Key_Alpha ( 21 ) = Key_U Key_Alpha ( 22 ) = Key_V Key_Alpha ( 23 ) = Key_W Key_Alpha ( 24 ) = Key_X Key_Alpha ( 25 ) = Key_Y Key_Alpha ( 26 ) = Key_Z ;-( Numerical keypad )-----------------------------------; Const Key_Pad7% = 71 Const Key_Pad8% = 72 Const Key_Pad9% = 73 Const Key_Pad4% = 75 Const Key_Pad5% = 76 Const Key_Pad6% = 77 Const Key_Pad1% = 79 Const Key_Pad2% = 80 Const Key_Pad3% = 81 Const Key_Pad0% = 82 Dim Key_Pad% ( 9 ) Key_Pad ( 0 ) = Key_Pad0 Key_Pad ( 1 ) = Key_Pad1 Key_Pad ( 2 ) = Key_Pad2 Key_Pad ( 3 ) = Key_Pad3 Key_Pad ( 4 ) = Key_Pad4 Key_Pad ( 5 ) = Key_Pad5 Key_Pad ( 6 ) = Key_Pad6 Key_Pad ( 7 ) = Key_Pad7 Key_Pad ( 8 ) = Key_Pad8 Key_Pad ( 9 ) = Key_Pad9 ;-( Function keys )--------------------------------------; Const Key_Function1% = 59 Const Key_Function2% = 60 Const Key_Function3% = 61 Const Key_Function4% = 62 Const Key_Function5% = 63 Const Key_Function6% = 64 Const Key_Function7% = 65 Const Key_Function8% = 66 Const Key_Function9% = 67 Const Key_Function10% = 68 Const Key_Function11% = 87 Const Key_Function12% = 88 Dim Key_Function% ( 12 ) Key_Function ( 1 ) = Key_Function1 Key_Function ( 2 ) = Key_Function2 Key_Function ( 3 ) = Key_Function3 Key_Function ( 4 ) = Key_Function4 Key_Function ( 5 ) = Key_Function5 Key_Function ( 6 ) = Key_Function6 Key_Function ( 7 ) = Key_Function7 Key_Function ( 8 ) = Key_Function8 Key_Function ( 9 ) = Key_Function9 Key_Function ( 10 ) = Key_Function10 Key_Function ( 11 ) = Key_Function11 Key_Function ( 12 ) = Key_Function12 Const Key_F1% = Key_Function1 Const Key_F2% = Key_Function2 Const Key_F3% = Key_Function3 Const Key_F4% = Key_Function4 Const Key_F5% = Key_Function5 Const Key_F6% = Key_Function6 Const Key_F7% = Key_Function7 Const Key_F8% = Key_Function8 Const Key_F9% = Key_Function9 Const Key_F10% = Key_Function10 Const Key_F11% = Key_Function11 Const Key_F12% = Key_Function12 ;-( Shift states )---------------------------------------; Const Key_LeftShift% = 42 Const Key_RightShift% = 54 Const Key_LeftAlt% = 56 Const Key_RightAlt% = 184 Const Key_LeftCtrl% = 29 Const Key_RightCtrl% = 157 Const Key_CapsLock% = 58 Const Key_NumLock% = 69 Const Key_ScrollLock% = 70 Const Key_LeftAlternate% = Key_LeftAlt Const Key_RightAlternate% = Key_RightAlt Const Key_LeftControl% = Key_LeftCtrl Const Key_RightControl% = Key_RightCtrl Const Key_ShiftLeft% = Key_LeftShift Const Key_ShiftRight% = Key_RightShift Const Key_AltLeft% = Key_LeftAlt Const Key_AltRight% = Key_RightAlt Const Key_CtrlLeft% = Key_LeftCtrl Const Key_CtrlRight% = Key_RightCtrl ;-( Control keys )---------------------------------------; Const Key_Space% = 57 Const Key_Enter% = 28 Const Key_Tab% = 15 Const Key_BackSpace% = 14 Const Key_Insert% = 210 Const Key_Delete% = 211 Const Key_Home% = 199 Const Key_End% = 207 Const Key_PageUp% = 201 Const Key_PageDown% = 209 Const Key_Escape% = 1 Const Key_Pause% = 197 Const Key_LeftWindows% = 219 Const Key_RightWindows% = 220 Const Key_Apps% = 221 Const Key_Power% = 222 Const Key_Sleep% = 223 Const Key_Wake% = 227 Const Key_Return% = Key_Enter Const Key_SpaceBar% = Key_Space Const Key_PgUp% = Key_PageUp Const Key_PgDn% = Key_PageDown Const Key_Esc% = Key_Escape Const Key_LeftWin% = Key_LeftWindows Const Key_RightWin% = Key_RightWindows Const Key_Application% = Key_Apps Const Key_App% = Key_Apps Const Key_Del% = Key_Delete Const Key_BkSp% = Key_BackSpace ;-( Signs )----------------------------------------------; Const Key_BackQuote% = 41 Const Key_Minus% = 12 Const Key_Equals% = 13 Const Key_LeftBracket% = 26 Const Key_RightBracket% = 27 Const Key_BackSlash% = 43 Const Key_SemiColon% = 39 Const Key_Quote% = 40 Const Key_Comma% = 51 Const Key_Period% = 52 Const Key_Slash% = 53 ;-( Keypad controls )------------------------------------; Const Key_PadSlash% = 181 Const Key_PadAsterisk% = 55 Const Key_PadMinus% = 74 Const Key_PadPlus% = 78 Const Key_PadEnter% = 156 Const Key_PadPeriod% = 83 Const Key_PadStar% = Key_PadAsterisk ;-( Arrow keys )-----------------------------------------; Const Key_CursorUp% = 200 Const Key_CursorDown% = 208 Const Key_CursorLeft% = 203 Const Key_CursorRight% = 205 Const Key_ArrowUp% = Key_CursorUp Const Key_ArrowDown% = Key_CursorDown Const Key_ArrowLeft% = Key_CursorLeft Const Key_ArrowRight% = Key_CursorRight Const Key_Up% = Key_ArrowUp Const Key_Down% = Key_ArrowDown Const Key_Left% = Key_ArrowLeft Const Key_Right% = Key_ArrowRight ;======================================================================================================================; ; ® Key names Dim Key_Name$ ( 255 ) ;-( Numerical )------------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_1 ) = "1" Key_Name ( Key_2 ) = "2" Key_Name ( Key_3 ) = "3" Key_Name ( Key_4 ) = "4" Key_Name ( Key_5 ) = "5" Key_Name ( Key_6 ) = "6" Key_Name ( Key_7 ) = "7" Key_Name ( Key_8 ) = "8" Key_Name ( Key_9 ) = "9" Key_Name ( Key_0 ) = "0" ;-( Alphabetic )-----------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_Q ) = "Q" Key_Name ( Key_W ) = "W" Key_Name ( Key_E ) = "E" Key_Name ( Key_R ) = "R" Key_Name ( Key_T ) = "T" Key_Name ( Key_Y ) = "Y" Key_Name ( Key_U ) = "U" Key_Name ( Key_I ) = "I" Key_Name ( Key_O ) = "O" Key_Name ( Key_P ) = "P" Key_Name ( Key_A ) = "A" Key_Name ( Key_S ) = "S" Key_Name ( Key_D ) = "D" Key_Name ( Key_F ) = "F" Key_Name ( Key_G ) = "G" Key_Name ( Key_H ) = "H" Key_Name ( Key_J ) = "J" Key_Name ( Key_K ) = "K" Key_Name ( Key_L ) = "L" Key_Name ( Key_Z ) = "Z" Key_Name ( Key_X ) = "X" Key_Name ( Key_C ) = "C" Key_Name ( Key_V ) = "V" Key_Name ( Key_B ) = "B" Key_Name ( Key_N ) = "N" Key_Name ( Key_M ) = "M" ;-( Numeric keypad )-------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_Pad7 ) = "NumPad 7" Key_Name ( Key_Pad8 ) = "NumPad 8" Key_Name ( Key_Pad9 ) = "NumPad 9" Key_Name ( Key_Pad4 ) = "NumPad 4" Key_Name ( Key_Pad5 ) = "NumPad 5" Key_Name ( Key_Pad6 ) = "NumPad 6" Key_Name ( Key_Pad1 ) = "NumPad 1" Key_Name ( Key_Pad2 ) = "NumPad 2" Key_Name ( Key_Pad3 ) = "NumPad 3" Key_Name ( Key_Pad0 ) = "NumPad 0" ;-( Function keys )--------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_Function1 ) = "F1" Key_Name ( Key_Function2 ) = "F2" Key_Name ( Key_Function3 ) = "F3" Key_Name ( Key_Function4 ) = "F4" Key_Name ( Key_Function5 ) = "F5" Key_Name ( Key_Function6 ) = "F6" Key_Name ( Key_Function7 ) = "F7" Key_Name ( Key_Function8 ) = "F8" Key_Name ( Key_Function9 ) = "F9" Key_Name ( Key_Function10 ) = "F10" Key_Name ( Key_Function11 ) = "F11" Key_Name ( Key_Function12 ) = "F12" ;-( Shiftstate )-----------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_LeftShift ) = "Left Shift" Key_Name ( Key_RightShift ) = "Right Shift" Key_Name ( Key_LeftAlt ) = "Left Alt" Key_Name ( Key_RightAlt ) = "Right Alt" Key_Name ( Key_LeftCtrl ) = "Left Control" Key_Name ( Key_RightCtrl ) = "Right Control" Key_Name ( Key_CapsLock ) = "CapsLock" Key_Name ( Key_NumLock ) = "NumLock" Key_Name ( Key_ScrollLock ) = "ScrollLock" ;-( Control keys )---------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_Space ) = "SpaceBar" Key_Name ( Key_Enter ) = "Enter" Key_Name ( Key_Tab ) = "Tab" Key_Name ( Key_BackSpace ) = "BackSpace" Key_Name ( Key_Insert ) = "Insert" Key_Name ( Key_Delete ) = "Delete" Key_Name ( Key_Home ) = "Home" Key_Name ( Key_End ) = "End" Key_Name ( Key_PageUp ) = "PageUp" Key_Name ( Key_PageDown ) = "PageDown" Key_Name ( Key_Escape ) = "Escape" Key_Name ( Key_Pause ) = "Pause" Key_Name ( Key_LeftWindows ) = "Left Windows" Key_Name ( Key_RightWindows ) = "Right Windows" Key_Name ( Key_Apps ) = "Apps" Key_Name ( Key_Power ) = "Power" Key_Name ( Key_Sleep ) = "Sleep" Key_Name ( Key_Wake ) = "Wake" ;-( Signs )----------------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_BackQuote ) = "BackQuote `" Key_Name ( Key_Minus ) = "Minus -" Key_Name ( Key_Equals ) = "Equals =" Key_Name ( Key_LeftBracket ) = "Left Bracket [" Key_Name ( Key_RightBracket ) = "Right Bracket ]" Key_Name ( Key_BackSlash ) = "BackSlash \" Key_Name ( Key_SemiColon ) = "SemiColon ;" Key_Name ( Key_Quote ) = "Quote '" Key_Name ( Key_Comma ) = "Comma ," Key_Name ( Key_Period ) = "Period ." Key_Name ( Key_Slash ) = "Slash /" ;-( Keypad controls )------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_PadSlash ) = "NumPad Slash /" Key_Name ( Key_PadAsterisk ) = "NumPad Asterisk " Key_Name ( Key_PadMinus ) = "NumPad Minus -" Key_Name ( Key_PadPlus ) = "NumPad Plus +" Key_Name ( Key_PadEnter ) = "NumPad Enter" Key_Name ( Key_PadPeriod ) = "NumPad Period ." ;-( Cursors )--------------------------------------------; Key_Name ( Key_CursorUp ) = "Cursor Up" Key_Name ( Key_CursorDown ) = "Cursor Down" Key_Name ( Key_CursorLeft ) = "Cursor Left" Key_Name ( Key_CursorRight ) = "Cursor Right" ;======================================================================================================================; --v Input.Def.BB*: Collection of input (keyboard, mouse) definitions. I've added another bunch of these in the Code Snippets section of this website. ImagesCollide I remember that some time ago I've read on the BlitzBasic forums that ImagesOverlap gets called inside BlitzBasic's own ImagesCollide function. But I don't know if this has changed in any new releases, since there were some fixes related to the ImagesCollide function. Personally I've always experienced the wrapping of the higher precision functions (including ImagesCollide) as extremely beneficial/reliable
Fri, 06 Aug 2010, 06:12
j\\'ordos	Wow that's awesome! I've been busy implementing the intercept thingy, I'm sure the rest of that math library will be very useful during this ordeal too (the input library too now that I think of it, but later, when I get to menu functions such as customize key bindings) Sadly it looks like the ship roll is still not what I meant it to be - I myself managed to get it as far as rolling only when the player was both thrusting and turning at the same time, which your first example seems to be doing. (I like the runtime generated ship, might have to steal that for the radar map or something ). What I'd like to do is to make it roll only when the ship actually changes it's course. here's an image of the event I've been trying to explain earlier where this code fails: A ship is cruising along at some speed. The ship is not thrusting but keeps it's momentum due to frictionless physics used. Then the player turns without thrusting. The ship does not and should not roll. Fine so far. The player stops turning and now the ship is pointing in another direction but still moving in it's original heading. The player applies thrust and the ship changes it's direction gradually: now it should roll but it doesn't in either of the two proposed setups (ship rolls when turning & ship rolls when turning and thrusting) since the player is only thrusting and not turning! Hopefully I managed to explain the problem clearly this time edit: The problem is minor ofcourse - I'm just wondering how this kind of effect can be done since it is implemented that way in subspace/continuum. Also it's current implementation may be harder to do for AI ships.
Fri, 06 Aug 2010, 15:50
Teasy	Ahh, that's an interesting type of roll. It seems you're after the rotation deviation, so to speak, rather than the rotation velocity. E.g. the difference between the heading and the angle ('facing'), rather than the current rotational 'strength': RollPosition = RotationDeviation ThrustVelocity* I'll outline the steps I've taken to mimic this behavior. 1. Converting your diagram to a function using an AngleDifference function, most conveniently already located in the Math library Print AngleDifference( 90 , 0 ) ; + 90 left -1 Print AngleDifference( 90 , 180 ) ; - 90 right +1 Print AngleDifference( 90 , 270 ) ; -180 none 0 Print AngleDifference( 90 , 90 ) ; 0 none 0 Print AngleDifference( 90 , 0+45 ) ; 45 half left -.5 Print AngleDifference( 90 , 180+45 ) ; -135 half right +.5 WaitKey End --v 2. Deciding the type of interpolation/smoothing to use for the roll, adding a custom Tri (wave) function. ; 0 = 0 ; 45 = .5 ; 90 = 1 ; 135 = .5 ; 180 = 0 For i = 0 To 360 Step 45 lx1 = x1 x1 = i ly1 = y1 ly2 = y2 y1 = Sin( i ) * 50 + 100 y2 = Tri( i ) * 50 + 100 If i>0 Color 32,96,128 Line lx1,ly1 , x1,y1 Color 192,128,64 Line lx1,ly2 , x1,y2 End If Next WaitKey End Function Tri#( a# ) a = a + 90 a = RangeInt( a , 360 ) ;If a >= 360 ; a = a - 360 ;End If If a < 180 Return a/90-1 Else Return (270-a)/90 End If End Function --v 3. Final-testing the algorithm, wrapping the AngleDifference in either Sin() or Tri(). testalgo1 90,0 ; + 90 left -1 testalgo1 90,180 ; - 90 right +1 testalgo1 90,270 ; -180 none 0 testalgo1 90,90 ; 0 none 0 testalgo1 90,0+45 ; 45 half left -.5 testalgo1 90,180+45 ; -135 half right +.5 Function testalgo1( a1,a2 ) Print a1+" "+a2+" "+(-Tri( AngleDifference( a1,a2 ) )) End Function WaitKey End --v 4. And finally tweaking the existing game using the new code/formula. AppTitle "Ship roll test 3" ; Uses Input: Key_Up, Key_Left, Key_Right ; Uses Math: CapFloat, RangeFloat, ScalePoint, vx, vy, vd, va, AngleDifference ; Uses Local: drawship Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Math.Lib.BB" Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Input.Def.bb" Const sx = 320 Const sy = 240 Const maxthrust = 15 Const thrustintensity# = 0.003 Const maxrotate = 15 Const rotateintensity# = 0.2 Const maxspeed = 2 ; maximum velocity Graphics sx,sy , 0,3 SetBuffer BackBuffer() SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) Local x# = sx/2 Local y# = sy/2 Local angle# ; 0..360 degrees; ship direction Local thrust ; (forward) thrust velocity (0 = none, n = max) {@@} Local rotate ; rotation velocity (-n = max left, 0 = none, +n = max right) {@@} Local roll ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right {@@} Local difference; angle difference between ship angle and heading (rotation deviation) {@@} Local xV#,yV# ; ship velocity (cartesian) Local dV#,aV# ; (polar; distance,angle) Local timer = CreateTimer( 60 ) Repeat ; ship rotation (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Left ) rotate = rotate - 1 ElseIf KeyDown( Key_Right ) rotate = rotate + 1 Else ; stabilize rotation velocity If rotate < 0 rotate = rotate + 1 ElseIf rotate > 0 rotate = rotate - 1 End If End If ; limit rotation velocity boundary rotate = CapFloat( rotate , -maxrotate,+maxrotate ) ; add rotation velocity to ship rotation angle = angle + rotaterotateintensity ; overflow rotation boundary angle = RangeFloat( angle , 360 ) ; ship thrust (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Up ) thrust = thrust + 1 Else thrust = thrust - 1 End If ; limit thrust boundary thrust = CapFloat( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ; add thrust vector to current velocity vector xV = xV + vx( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) yV = yV + vy( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) ; limit velocity vector dV = vd( xV,yV ) ; - remember current ship direction (heading) aV = va( xV,yV ) If dV > maxspeed dV = maxspeed xV = vx( dV,aV ) yV = vy( dV,aV ) End If ; move ship according to velocity vector x = x + xV y = y + yV ; overflow ship location boundary x = RangeFloat( x,sx ) y = RangeFloat( y,sy ) ; roll = rotation deviation thrust velocity {@@} ; - 90 deg = max roll (left or right) ; - 0/180 deg = no roll difference = AngleDifference( angle , aV ) roll = Sin( difference ) * 5 * thrust / maxthrust ; render drawship x,y , angle,roll,thrust Color 176,255,0 Text 0,0 , "Thrust: "+thrust Text 0,10 , "Rotate: "+rotate Text 0,20 , "Roll: "+roll Flip WaitTimer timer Cls Until KeyHit( 1 ) End --v After tweaking some more, I ended up with reversing the roll (left=right), and choosing Sin() over Tri() for a more natural smoothness. I'm curious if this is the behavior you're looking for Well, I'm glad you like my ship And I hope you enjoy using it As well as any other code
Sat, 07 Aug 2010, 09:22
Teasy	I've added a beautiful flame effect, and a thicker ship AppTitle "Ship roll test 3b" ; Uses Input: Key_Up, Key_Left, Key_Right ; Uses Math: CapFloat, RangeFloat, ScalePoint, vx, vy, vd, va, AngleDifference Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Math.Lib.BB" Include "q:\Dev\Blitz\Lib\Input.Def.bb" Const sx = 320 Const sy = 240 Const maxthrust = 15 Const thrustintensity# = 0.003 Const maxrotate = 15 Const rotateintensity# = 0.2 Const maxspeed = 2 ; maximum velocity Graphics sx,sy , 0,3 SetBuffer BackBuffer() SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) Local x# = sx/2 Local y# = sy/2 Local angle# ; 0..360 degrees; ship direction Local thrust ; (forward) thrust velocity (0 = none, n = max) {@@} Local rotate ; rotation velocity (-n = max left, 0 = none, +n = max right) {@@} Local roll ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right {@@} Local difference; angle difference between ship angle and heading (rotation deviation) {@@} Local xV#,yV# ; ship velocity (cartesian) Local dV#,aV# ; (polar; distance,angle) Local timer = CreateTimer( 60 ) Repeat ; ship rotation (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Left ) rotate = rotate - 1 ElseIf KeyDown( Key_Right ) rotate = rotate + 1 Else ; stabilize rotation velocity If rotate < 0 rotate = rotate + 1 ElseIf rotate > 0 rotate = rotate - 1 End If End If ; limit rotation velocity boundary rotate = CapFloat( rotate , -maxrotate,+maxrotate ) ; add rotation velocity to ship rotation angle = angle + rotaterotateintensity ; overflow rotation boundary angle = RangeFloat( angle , 360 ) ; ship thrust (velocity) If KeyDown( Key_Up ) thrust = thrust + 1 Else thrust = thrust - 1 End If ; limit thrust boundary thrust = CapFloat( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ; add thrust vector to current velocity vector xV = xV + vx( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) yV = yV + vy( thrustthrustintensity,angle ) ; limit velocity vector dV = vd( xV,yV ) ; - remember current ship direction (heading) aV = va( xV,yV ) If dV > maxspeed dV = maxspeed xV = vx( dV,aV ) yV = vy( dV,aV ) End If ; move ship according to velocity vector x = x + xV y = y + yV ; overflow ship location boundary x = RangeFloat( x,sx ) y = RangeFloat( y,sy ) ; roll = rotation deviation thrust velocity {@@} ; - 90 deg = max roll (left or right) ; - 0/180 deg = no roll difference = AngleDifference( angle , aV ) roll = Sin( difference ) * 5 * thrust / maxthrust ; render drawship x,y , angle,roll,thrust Color 176,255,0 Text 0,0 , "Thrust: "+thrust Text 0,10 , "Rotate: "+rotate Text 0,20 , "Roll: "+roll Flip WaitTimer timer Cls Until KeyHit( 1 ) End Function drawship( xpos,ypos , angle,rollpos,thrust , r=128,g=192,b=255 ) ; Param xpos,ypos ; pixel location on screen of ship center of rotation ; Param angle ; 0..360 degrees (0=up) ; Param rollpos ; -5 = full left, 0 = center, +5 = full right ; Param thrust ; 0..maxthrust: used only for flame effect ; Param r,g,b ; ship color ; ship shape Local xT#,yT#,dT#,aT# ; top Local xL#,yL#,dL#,aL# ; left Local xR#,yR#,dR#,aR# ; right Local xB#,yB#,dB#,aB# ; bottom ; ship roll colors Local bL#,bR# ; brightness left/right ; boundary checking rollpos = CapFloat( rollpos , -5,+5 ) ; ship shape (grid coordinates) xT = 0 yT = 0 - 10 + 2 xL = 0 - 5 yL = 0 + 3 + 2 xR = 0 + 5 yR = 0 + 3 + 2 xB = 0 yB = 0 + 2 ; alter shape according to roll xL = xL - rollpos / 2 xR = xR - rollpos / 2 ; convert to distance/angle and rotate ship dT = vd( xT,yT ) aT = va( xT,yT ) + angle dL = vd( xL,yL ) aL = va( xL,yL ) + angle dR = vd( xR,yR ) aR = va( xR,yR ) + angle dB = vd( xB,yB ) aB = va( xB,yB ) + angle ; convert back to grid (x,y) and position ship xT = vx( dT,aT ) + xpos yT = vy( dT,aT ) + ypos xL = vx( dL,aL ) + xpos yL = vy( dL,aL ) + ypos xR = vx( dR,aR ) + xpos yR = vy( dR,aR ) + ypos xB = vx( dB,aB ) + xpos yB = vy( dB,aB ) + ypos ; colorize wings according to roll bL = ScalePoint( rollpos , -5,+5 , 0.5,1 ) bR = ScalePoint( rollpos , -5,+5 , 1,0.5 ) ; draw flame drawflame xpos,ypos , angle,rollpos,thrust ; draw ship ; (left wing) Color rbL,gbL,bbL dLine xT,yT , xL,yL dLine xB,yB , xL,yL ; (right wing) Color rbR,gbR,bbR dLine xT,yT , xR,yR dLine xB,yB , xR,yR ; (center) Color r,g,b dLine xT,yT , xB,yB End Function Function drawflame( xpos,ypos , angle,rollpos,thrust ) Local xT# ,yT# ,dT# ,aT# ; top (center) Local xTL#,yTL#,dTL#,aTL# ; top left Local xTR#,yTR#,dTR#,aTR# ; top right Local xBL#,yBL#,dBL#,aBL# ; bottom left Local xBR#,yBR#,dBR#,aBR# ; bottom right Local xB# ,yB# ,dB# ,aB# ; bottom (center) Local xS# ,yS# ; roll shift Local i# ; flame intensity Local r# ; flame fluxuation ; boundary check thrust = CapInt( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ; no thrust: hide flame If thrust = 0 Return End If ; shift flame sideways during roll xS = - rollpos / 2.0 yS = 0 ; flame intensity/size according to thrust strength/velocity i = ScalePoint( thrust , 0,maxthrust , 0.3,0.8 ) ; flame fluxuation/point (random) deviation ; - further towards the bottom means more flux r = .5 ; flame shape ; - top (center) near ship bottom point xT = 0 + xS yT = 0 + 1.0i + 2 + yS xTL = 0 - 2.5i + xS + Rnd(-r,r) yTL = 0 + 2.5i + 2 + yS + Rnd( 0,r2) xTR = 0 + 2.5i + xS + Rnd(-r,r) yTR = yTL ;+ Rnd(-r,r) xBL = 0 - 1.5i + xS + Rnd(-r1.0,r1.0) yBL = 0 + 6.0i + 2 + yS + Rnd( 0.0,r2.0) xBR = 0 + 1.5i + xS + Rnd(-r1.0,r1.0) yBR = yBL ;+ Rnd(-r,r) xB = 0 + xS ;+ Rnd(-r2,r2) yB = 0 + 7.5i + 2 + yS + Rnd( 0.0,r*2.0) ; convert to distance/angle and rotate dT = vd( xT ,yT ) aT = va( xT ,yT ) + angle dTL = vd( xTL,yTL ) aTL = va( xTL,yTL ) + angle dTR = vd( xTR,yTR ) aTR = va( xTR,yTR ) + angle dBL = vd( xBL,yBL ) aBL = va( xBL,yBL ) + angle dBR = vd( xBR,yBR ) aBR = va( xBR,yBR ) + angle dB = vd( xB ,yB ) aB = va( xB ,yB ) + angle ; convert back to grid (x,y) and position xT = vx( dT ,aT ) + xpos yT = vy( dT ,aT ) + ypos xTL = vx( dTL,aTL ) + xpos yTL = vy( dTL,aTL ) + ypos xTR = vx( dTR,aTR ) + xpos yTR = vy( dTR,aTR ) + ypos xBL = vx( dBL,aBL ) + xpos yBL = vy( dBL,aBL ) + ypos xBR = vx( dBR,aBR ) + xpos yBR = vy( dBR,aBR ) + ypos xB = vx( dB ,aB ) + xpos yB = vy( dB ,aB ) + ypos ; bottom L/R Color 160,80,0 dLine xBL,yBL , xB,yB dLine xBR,yBR , xB,yB ; center L/R Color 255,128,0 dLine xTL,yTL , xBL,yBL dLine xTR,yTR , xBR,yBR ; top L/R Color 255,192,0 dLine xT,yT , xTL,yTL dLine xT,yT , xTR,yTR End Function ; draw doubled (thick) line (2h+2v) Function dLine( x1,y1 , x2,y2 ) Line x1 ,y1 , x2 ,y2 ;Return Line x1-1,y1 , x2-1,y2 Line x1 ,y1-1 , x2 ,y2-1 Line x1+1,y1 , x2+1,y2 Line x1 ,y1+1 , x2 ,y2+1 End Function --v
Sun, 08 Aug 2010, 06:00
j\\'ordos	Yes, that finally looks like the effect I'm trying to achieve! No success in implementing it in my game yet, it'll take some time to let all that math sink in. :s Well for a radar screen I won't be using a flame effect and thicker ship but glad to see you're enjoying yourself! edit: and after all this I'll have to start tackling AI math... Argh I'll never make it!
Fri, 13 Aug 2010, 08:39
Teasy	Hey, is there any chance/place to see your game in action? I'm curious what it feels like
Sun, 10 Oct 2010, 13:22
j\\'ordos	Hey Teasy, terribly sorry I didn't see this sooner! Truth be told, I lost interest pretty soon after this without ever getting to the implementation of the mathematics part Recently I've gotten back into programming slowly and I suddenly wondered if there'd be anything new here The game is indeed 'playable' and I'd be happy to upload it. As I said - the rolling part hasn't been implemented yet and looks completely wrong. edit: You can download it here: users.telenet.be/V776822/Project/spacewars4.zip (~6.4Mb) There's a scrolling background and a single AI ship that hunts you (most of the time, it sometimes can get lost ), firing bombs at you occasionally. You can shoot back with bullets(unlimited) and bombs (of which you have three). edit2: I forgot the controls: arrow keys to move, ctrl to shoot bullets and tab to fire bombs. By the way; there's a small bug where you can go over the top speed because of the recoil caused by firing a bomb. Currently the speed doesn't drop back to normal when that happens and thrusting won't work anymore so you're stuck. Easy to fix but yeah...
Tue, 12 Oct 2010, 12:44
Teasy	awesome! the game looks and feels alot like (or identical to?) continuum i also love seeing ur AI stuff in action ^^ i really like the organization of your code. it was easy to find most things i can give some recommendations or optimizations (only related to code simplification) but first i'll "take a nice cup of stfu" because maybe ur not looking for this anyway so, here's what i've done to make it work ^^ i've made it a "quick and dirty" edit session, just for illustration. the "thrust" variable u were using was a simple boolean (0,1) to indicate whether the player is thrusting. i've expanded this to become a value ranging from 0 to 15 which is identical in my example program thanks to this there is a smooth transition from starting a thrust and stopping the thrust becoming visible in the eventual roll. there was a problem between the angle orientation between our programs. e.g. i was using a 0 degrees means 'up' while u were probably using another setup, like swapping sin/cos or inverting them (under the hood). (i use non-"traditional" orientation ^^) so i've messed a bit with the speedX and speedY vars (in your program called 'pl\s' and 'pl\t') as well as stuff like the ATan2 call and i've 'disabled' the 'reverse thrust' key/function for simplicity. i've modified some more things in your code like making the program work with any resolution, changing the radar blip blinkrate, making the enemy ship 'peaceful' (good for testing) and some other things ^^ i hope u will still understand or recognize ur old program lol oh, i've also added a grid so u can clearly see the ship motion ^^ and i also hope that the roll is now satisfactory feel free to ask if some (new) code is unclear AppTitle "SpaceWars 4" Const screenx=640;1280 Const screeny=480;1024 Const screenxmid=screenx/2;622;382 Const screenymid=screeny/2;494;282 Graphics screenx,screeny , 0,3 SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) gfx_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\wbroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) gfx_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\jvroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) junk_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkwb.bmp",16,16,0,90) junk_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkjv.bmp",16,16,0,90) exhaust=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Exhaust.bmp",16,16,0,38) bullet1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bullets.bmp",5,5,0,40) bombs=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\bombs.bmp",16,16,0,130) trail=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\trail.bmp",16,16,0,50) bombflsh=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bombflsh.bmp",8,8,0,6) explode0=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X0.bmp",16,16,0,7) explode1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X1.bmp",128,64,0,8) icons=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icons.bmp",26,24,0,54) icondoor=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icondoor.bmp",11,13,0,24) hlthbar=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\hlthbar.bmp",116,28,0,2) disp=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\disp.bmp") engyfont=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\engyfont.bmp",16,24,0,10) Const max_misc=14 Const max_star=7 Dim bg_misc(13) For bg=1 To max_misc bg_misc(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Bg\bg"+bg+".bmp") Next Dim bg_star(6) For bg=1 To max_star bg_star(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\BG\star"+bg+".bmp") Next Const radarsize=screenx/8;150 Const radarrange=2000;screenx1.5;2000 Dim table_sin#(359) ;precalc sin&cos tables at 9 degrees intervals Dim table_cos#(359) For a=0 To 359 table_sin(a)=Sin(Floor(a/9)9) table_cos(a)=Cos(Floor(a/9)9) Next currentcol#=0 Dim colour(127,39,2) colors=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\colors.bmp") SetBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) LockBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) For x=0 To 127 For y=0 To 39 pixel=ReadPixelFast(x,y) colour(x,y,0)=(pixel Shr 16) And $ff ;red colour(x,y,1)=(pixel Shr 8) And $ff ;green colour(x,y,2)=pixel And $ff ;blue Next Next UnlockBuffer() ;game types Type player Field x#,y#,xlog#[1],ylog#[1],clog,dlog,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,exhaust_t Field ship,shield,ammo#,reload#,bombs,freq Field hlthbar_x#,hlthbar_y Field key_left,key_right,key_up,key_down,key_fireA,key_fireB End Type Type npc Field x#,y#,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,exhaust_t Field ship,shield,freq Field target End Type Type exhaust Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame# End Type Type bullet Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,particle_t,life,freq,dmg End Type Type particle Field x#,y#,col_x#,col_y End Type Type bomb Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,trail_t,life,freq,dmg End Type Type trail Field x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type explosion Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type debris_m Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end,s#,t# End Type Type debris_s Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type FrameRate Field TargetFPS#,SpeedFactor# Field FPS# Field CurrentTicks Field FrameDelay End Type ;data types Type ship Field img,junk,accel#,topspeed#,turnspeed#,weap_gun,weap_bmb,shl_recharge,shield End Type Type weap_gun Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,multi,ammo,rof,reload End Type Type weap_bmb Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,proxy,recoil End Type Global FL.FrameRate=New FrameRate FL\TargetFPS#=35 FL\FrameDelay=MilliSecs() Local wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=20 wg\dmg=400 wg\speed=12 wg\life=9000 wg\icon=9 wg\multi=False wg\ammo=15 wg\rof=100 wg\reload=3000 Local wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=2000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=20 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 Local sh.ship=New ship sh\img=gfx_wb sh\junk=junk_wb sh\accel#=0.05 sh\topspeed#=3 sh\turnspeed#=5 sh\weap_gun=Handle(wg) sh\weap_bmb=Handle(wb) sh\shield=1500 Const player_startx=350 Const player_starty=250 Global pl.player=New player pl\x#=player_startx pl\y#=player_starty pl\ship=Handle(sh) pl\shield=1500 pl\ammo=15 pl\hlthbar_y=4 pl\bombs=3 pl\freq=0 pl\key_left=203 pl\key_right=205 pl\key_up=200 pl\key_down=208 pl\key_fireA=29 pl\key_fireB=15 wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=0 wg\dmg=200 wg\speed=8 wg\life=9000 wg\icon=0 wg\multi=False wg\ammo=20 wg\rof=80 wg\reload=3500 wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=2000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=20 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 sh.ship=New ship sh\img=gfx_jv sh\junk=junk_jv sh\accel#=0.06 sh\topspeed#=2 sh\turnspeed#=3 sh\weap_gun=0 sh\weap_bmb=Handle(wb) sh\shield=1200 Local np.npc=New npc np\x#=50 np\y#=50 np\ship=Handle(sh) np\shield=1200 np\freq=1 np\target=Handle(pl) .create_starfield SeedRnd MilliSecs() Dim backdrop(2) backdrop(0)=CreateImage(screenx2,screeny2) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(0)) Color 100,100,100 For star=0 To screeny Rect Rand(screenx2),Rand(screeny2),1,1 Next DrawBlock bg_misc(Rand(max_misc-1)),Rand(screenx),Rand(screeny) backdrop(1)=CreateImage(screenx1,screeny1) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(1)) Color 200,200,200 For star=0 To screeny/12 Rect Rand(screenx1),Rand(screeny1),1,1 Next For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx1-21),Rand(screeny1-21) Next backdrop(2)=CreateImage(screenx,screeny) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(2)) For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx-21),Rand(screeny-21) Next SetBuffer BackBuffer() Delay 500 ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .main_battle_standard While Not KeyHit(1) FL\CurrentTicks=MilliSecs() FL\SpeedFactor=(FL\CurrentTicks - FL\FrameDelay)/(1000/FL\TargetFPS) If FL\SpeedFactor<=0 Then FL\SpeedFactor=0.00000000001 FL\FPS=FL\TargetFPS/FL\SpeedFactor FL\FrameDelay=FL\CurrentTicks Cls Color 0,64,0 DrawGrid screenxmid-pl\x,screenymid-pl\y , screenx/4,screeny/4 , screenx,screeny currentcol#=currentcol#+4FL\SpeedFactor If currentcol#>127 Then currentcol#=0 TileImage backdrop(0),-pl\x#/16,-pl\y#/32 TileImage backdrop(1),7-pl\x#/8,-pl\y#/8 TileImage backdrop(2),23-pl\x#/4,-pl\y#/4 ;time1=MilliSecs() Gosub update_debris_m Gosub update_debris_s Gosub update_exhaust Gosub update_particles Gosub update_bullets Gosub update_trails Gosub update_bombs Gosub update_npc Gosub update_player Gosub update_explosion Gosub update_radar ;Text 0,0,Floor(pl\angle#) Flip Wend End ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_player sh.ship=Object.ship(pl\ship) wg.weap_gun=Object.weap_gun(sh\weap_gun) wb.weap_bmb=Object.weap_bmb(sh\weap_bmb) Turn=KeyDown(pl\key_right)-KeyDown(pl\key_left) ;determine turn direction pl\angle#=pl\angle#+sh\turnspeed#TurnFL\SpeedFactor ;apply rotation If pl\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow pl\angle#=0 ElseIf pl\angle#<0 pl\angle#=359 EndIf ;Thrust=KeyDown(pl\key_up)-KeyDown(pl\key_down) ;determine thrust direction Local thrust# If KeyDown( pl\key_up ) thrust = thrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else thrust = thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor End If Const maxthrust = 15 thrust = CapFloat( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ;speedx#=sh\accel#thrusttable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;calculate thrust ;speedy#=sh\accel#thrusttable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) Local speedx# = sh\accel * thrust * Sin( pl\angle ) / maxthrust Local speedy# = sh\accel * thrust * Cos( pl\angle ) / maxthrust ;pl\s#=pl\s#+speedx#(Abs(pl\s+speedx)<sh\topspeed#) ;apply thrust ;pl\t#=pl\t#-speedy#(Abs(pl\t-speedy)<sh\topspeed#) ; speedX and speedY pl\s = pl\s + speedx pl\t = pl\t - speedy ;; rectangular limiter ;If Abs( pl\s ) > sh\topspeed ; pl\s = Sgn( pl\s ) * sh\topspeed ;End If ;If Abs( pl\t ) > sh\topspeed ; pl\t = Sgn( pl\t ) * sh\topspeed ;End If ; circular limiter Local ship_speed# = VectorDistance( pl\s,pl\t ) If ship_speed > sh\topspeed ship_speed = sh\topspeed Local ship_heading# = VectorAngle( pl\s,pl\t ) pl\s = VectorX( ship_speed,ship_heading ) pl\t = VectorY( ship_speed,ship_heading ) End If ;speed#=Sqr(pl\s#pl\s#+pl\t#pl\t#) ;limit speed ;If speed#>sh\topspeed# ; speed#=speed#-.1 ; pl\s#=speed#table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ; pl\t#=speed#table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;EndIf ;Maneuvre=thrustturn ;determine&apply roll ;pl\roll#=pl\roll#+.3(pl\roll#-.3>-5 And pl\roll#+.3<5)ManeuvreFL\Speedfactor# ;pl\roll#=pl\roll#-0.1Sgn(pl\roll#)FL\Speedfactor# pl\x#=pl\x#+pl\s#FL\SpeedFactor# ;apply velocity to player position pl\y#=pl\y#+pl\t#FL\SpeedFactor# aV#=ATan2(pl\s#,-pl\t#);+180 difference=AngleDifference(pl\angle#,aV#) pl\roll#=Sin(difference)5thrust/maxthrust Color 255,192,128 Text 0,screeny-25 , "[Player] "+pl\angle If KeyDown(pl\key_fireA) And sh\weap_gun<>0 And pl\reload=0 bu.bullet=New bullet bu\frame#=wg\frame bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 bu\x#=pl\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\y#=pl\y#+15.5-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bu\life=wg\life bu\freq=pl\freq bu\dmg=wg\dmg pl\ammo=pl\ammo-1 If pl\ammo<=wg\ammo/4 pl\hlthbar_y=6 ElseIf pl\ammo<=wg\ammo/2 pl\hlthbar_y=5 Else pl\hlthbar_y=4 EndIf pl\reload=MilliSecs() ElseIf KeyDown(pl\key_fireB) And sh\weap_bmb<>0 And pl\bombs<>0 And pl\reload=0 xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=bombflsh xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\frame_end=5 bm.bomb=New bomb bm\frame#=wb\frame bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 bm\x#=pl\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\y#=pl\y#+15.5-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bm\life=wb\life bm\freq=pl\freq bm\dmg=wb\dmg pl\bombs=pl\bombs-1 pl\reload=MilliSecs() pl\s#=pl\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) pl\t#=pl\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) EndIf If thrust<>0 And pl\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ex\x=screenxmid+10+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+10-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\s#=thrust4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ex\t#=thrust4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ex\x=screenxmid+10+15Sin(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+10-15Cos(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\s#=thrust4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ex\t#=thrust4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ex\frame=0 pl\exhaust_t=5 Else pl\exhaust_t=pl\exhaust_t-1(pl\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf If pl\ammo=0 Then ;reload If MilliSecs()>pl\reload+wg\reload pl\reload=0 pl\ammo=wg\ammo pl\hlthbar_y=4 EndIf ElseIf pl\reload<>0 Then If MilliSecs()>pl\reload+wg\rof Then pl\reload=0 EndIf pl\shield=pl\shield+1(pl\shield<sh\shield) DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid,screenymid,200+Floor(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#) ;stat display DrawImage disp,screenx-84,5 For char=Len(pl\shield) To 1 Step -1 ;remaining shield img=Asc(Mid$(pl\shield,char,1)) DrawImage engyfont,screenx-30-Len(pl\shield)16+char16,0,img-48 Next ;healthbar (weapon bar) display Color colour(0,4,0),colour(0,4,1),colour(0,4,2) ;token strip Rect screenxmid+27,9,screenx/6,2,False pl\hlthbar_x=pl\hlthbar_x+.4FL\SpeedFactor ;actual meter bar If pl\hlthbar_x>13 Then pl\hlthbar_x=0 If pl\ammo=0 Then Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,((MilliSecs()-pl\reload)/wg\reload)(screenx/6),6,True Else Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,(pl\ammo/wg\ammo)(screenx/6),6,True EndIf DrawImage hlthbar,screenxmid-40,0,(pl\reload=0) ;energy bar image DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-32,wg\icon ;weapon icons DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-8,wb\icon DrawBlock icondoor,screenx-34,screenymid,pl\bombs Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_exhaust For ex.exhaust=Each exhaust DrawImage exhaust,ex\x,ex\y,ex\frame# ex\frame#=ex\frame#+1.8FL\SpeedFactor# ex\x=ex\x-ex\s# ex\y=ex\y+ex\t# If ex\frame#>18 Then Delete ex Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_npc For np.npc=Each npc sh.ship=Object.ship(np\ship) wg.weap_gun=Object.weap_gun(sh\weap_gun) wb.weap_bmb=Object.weap_bmb(sh\weap_bmb) target_angle=InterceptAngle( np\x#,np\y# , np\s#,np\t# , pl\x#,pl\y# , pl\s#,pl\t# , wb\speed) Color 224,224,128 Text 0,screeny-15,"[AI] "+target_angle+" - "+np\angle ;@# could use 'angle difference' here to prevent npc from turning a near-full 360 np\angle#=np\angle#+sh\turnspeed#Sgn(target_angle-np\angle)FL\SpeedFactor If np\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow np\angle#=0 ElseIf np\angle#<0 np\angle#=359 EndIf speedx#=sh\accel#table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ;calculate thrust speedy#=sh\accel#table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) np\s#=np\s#+speedx#(Abs(np\s+speedx)<sh\topspeed#) ;apply thrust np\t#=np\t#-speedy#(Abs(np\t-speedy)<sh\topspeed#) np\s#=np\s#-.1(Abs(np\s#)>sh\topspeed#)Sgn(np\s#) ;limit thrust np\t#=np\t#-.1(Abs(np\t#)>sh\topspeed#)Sgn(np\t#) np\x#=np\x#+np\s#FL\SpeedFactor# ;apply velocity to npc position np\y#=np\y#+np\t#FL\SpeedFactor# ;@# disabled enemy fire ; If Rand(150)=1 And Abs(target_angle-np\angle#)<1 Then ; If sh\weap_gun<>0 ; bu.bullet=New bullet ; bu\frame#=wg\frame ; bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 ; bu\x#=np\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bu\y#=np\y#+15.5-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# ; bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# ; bu\life=wg\life ; bu\dmg=wg\dmg ; bu\freq=np\freq ; ElseIf sh\weap_bmb<>0 ; xp.explosion=New explosion ; xp\img=bombflsh ; xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; xp\frame_end=5 ; ; bm.bomb=New bomb ; bm\frame#=wb\frame ; bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 ; bm\x#=np\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bm\y#=np\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# ; bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# ; bm\life=wb\life ; bm\freq=np\freq ; bm\dmg=wb\dmg ; np\s#=np\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; np\t#=np\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; EndIf ; EndIf If np\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#+10+15Sin(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#+10-15Cos(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\s#=4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor ex\t#=4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#+10+15Sin(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#+10-15Cos(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\s#=4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor ex\t#=4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor ex\frame=0 np\exhaust_t=5 Else np\exhaust_t=np\exhaust_t-1(np\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf np\shield=np\shield+1(np\shield<sh\shield) If RectsOverlap(screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,36,36,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#) EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_particles For pa.particle=Each particle Color colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,0),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,1),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,2) Rect screenxmid+pa\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+pa\y#-pl\y#,1,1 pa\col_x=pa\col_x+1FL\SpeedFactor If pa\col_x>13 Then Delete pa Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bullets For bu.bullet=Each bullet bu\x#=bu\x#+bu\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bu\y#=bu\y#+bu\t#FL\SpeedFactor# bu\frame#=bu\frame#+.1FL\SpeedFactor# If bu\frame#>bu\frame_end Then bu\frame#=bu\frame_end-3 For np.npc=Each npc If np\freq<>bu\freq And RectsOverlap(bu\x#,bu\y#,5,5,np\x#,np\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,gfx_jv,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-bu\dmg If np\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 np\x#=50 np\y#=50 np\shield=1200 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf EndIf Next ;For pl.player=Each player If pl\freq<>bu\freq And RectsOverlap(bu\x#,bu\y#,5,5,pl\x#,pl\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,gfx_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-bu\dmg If pl\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 pl\x#=player_startx pl\y#=player_starty pl\shield=1500 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf EndIf ;Next If RectsOverlap(screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,5,5,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage bullet1,screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,bu\frame# If bu\particle_t=0 pa.particle=New particle pa\x#=bu\x#+2.5 pa\y#=bu\y#+2.5 pa\col_x=0 pa\col_y=7 bu\particle_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bu\particle_t=bu\particle_t-1 EndIf EndIf bu\life=bu\life-1 If bu\life=0 Then Delete bu .stop_bullet Next Return .update_trails For tr.trail=Each trail DrawImage trail,screenxmid+tr\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+tr\y#-pl\y#,tr\frame# tr\frame#=tr\frame+1FL\SpeedFactor# If tr\frame#>tr\frame_end Then Delete tr Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bombs For bm.bomb=Each bomb bm\x#=bm\x#+bm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bm\y#=bm\y#+bm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# bm\frame#=bm\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If bm\frame#>bm\frame_end Then bm\frame#=bm\frame_end-9 For np.npc=Each npc If bm\freq<>np\freq And RectsOverlap(bm\x#,bm\y#,5,5,np\x#,np\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,gfx_jv,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-bm\dmg If np\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 np\x#=50 np\y#=50 np\shield=1200 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf EndIf Next ;For pl.player=Each player If pl\freq<>bm\freq And RectsOverlap(bm\x#,bm\y#,5,5,pl\x#,pl\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,gfx_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-bm\dmg If pl\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 pl\x#=350 pl\y#=250 pl\shield=1500 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf EndIf ;Next If RectsOverlap(screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,5,5,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage bombs,screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,bm\frame# If bm\trail_t=0 tr.trail=New trail tr\x#=bm\x#+2.5 tr\y#=bm\y#+2.5 tr\frame#=0 tr\frame_end=7 bm\trail_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bm\trail_t=bm\trail_t-1 EndIf EndIf bm\life=bm\life-1 If bm\life=0 Then Delete bm .stop_bomb Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_m ;moving junk For dm.debris_m=Each debris_m DrawImage dm\img,dm\x#-pl\x#,dm\y#-pl\y#,dm\frame# dm\frame#=dm\frame#+((Abs(dm\s#)+Abs(dm\t#))/8)FL\SpeedFactor# If dm\frame#>dm\frame_end Then dm\frame#=dm\frame_end-9 dm\x#=dm\x#+dm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\y#=dm\y#-dm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\s#=dm\s#-Sgn(dm\s#)/150 dm\t#=dm\t#-Sgn(dm\t#)/150 If Abs(dm\s#+dm\t#)<0.1 ds.debris_s=New debris_s ds\img=dm\img ds\x#=dm\x# ds\y#=dm\y# ds\frame#=dm\frame# ds\frame_end=dm\frame_end Delete dm EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_s ;still junk For ds.debris_s=Each debris_s DrawImage ds\img,ds\x#-pl\x#,ds\y#-pl\y#,ds\frame# ds\frame#=ds\frame#+.02FL\SpeedFactor# If ds\frame#>ds\frame_end Then ds\frame#=ds\frame_end-9 Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_explosion For xp.explosion=Each explosion DrawImage xp\img,xp\x#-pl\x#,xp\y#-pl\y#,xp\frame# xp\frame#=xp\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If xp\frame#>xp\frame_end Then Delete xp Next Return .update_radar xmod=screenx-radarsize-8 ymod=screeny-radarsize-8 Color colour(currentcol,16,0),colour(currentcol,16,1),colour(currentcol,16,2) ;radar background Rect screenx-radarsize-8,screeny-radarsize-8,radarsize,radarsize,True Color colour(currentcol,1,0),colour(currentcol,1,1),colour(currentcol,1,2) ;radar border1 Rect screenx-radarsize-9,screeny-radarsize-9,radarsize+2,radarsize+2,False Color colour(currentcol,2,0),colour(currentcol,2,1),colour(currentcol,2,2) ;radar border2 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-10,radarsize+4,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,3,0),colour(currentcol,3,1),colour(currentcol,3,2) ;radar border3 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-11,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-6,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-11,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Rect screenx-6,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,28,0),colour(currentcol,28,1),colour(currentcol,28,2) ;player Rect xmod+radarsize/2,ymod+radarsize/2,2,2,False For np.npc=Each npc If RectsOverlap(np\x#,np\y#,36,36,pl\x#-radarrange/2,pl\y#-radarrange/2,radarrange,radarrange) Color colour(currentcol,34,0),colour(currentcol,34,1),colour(currentcol,34,2) Rect xmod+radarsize/2+(np\x#-pl\x#)/(radarrange/radarsize),ymod+radarsize/2+(np\y#-pl\y#)/(radarrange/radarsize),2,2,False EndIf Next Return Function getcurvature(p1x, p1y, p2x, p2y, p3x, p3y) ;Text 50,0,p1x+","+p1y ;Text 50,20,p2x+","+p2y ;Text 50,40,p3x+","+p3y Local A#, B#, C#, D#, E#, F#, G#, cx#, cy#, rad# A = p2x - p1x B = p2y - p1y C = p3x - p1x D = p3y - p1y E = A (p1x + p2x) + B * (p1y + p2y) F = C * (p1x + p3x) + D * (p1y + p3y) G = 2 * (A * (p3y - p2y) - B * (p3x - p2x)) If G = 0 Then Return 0 Else cx = (D * E - B * F) / G cy = (A * F - C * E) / G rad = Sqr((p1x - cx) ^ 2 + (p1y - cy) ^ 2) rad=1/rad Return rad EndIf End Function Function get_curvature(p1x#, p1y#, p2x#, p2y#, p3x#, p3y#) Local dist1#,dist2#,dist3#,curve# dist1#=Sqr(Exp(p2x#-p1x#)+Exp(p2y#-p1y#)) dist2#=Sqr(Exp(p3x#-p2x#)+Exp(p3y#-p2y#)) dist3#=Sqr(Exp(p1x#-p3x#)+Exp(p1y#-p3y#)) Text 0,20,dist1# Text 0,40,dist2# Text 0,60,dist3# curve#=Sin(ACos((Exp(dist1#)+Exp(dist2#)+Exp(dist3#)/(2dist1#dist2#)))) Return curve# End Function Function InterceptAngle( ex#,ey# , evx#,evy# , px#,py# , pvx#,pvy# , bs# , maxtime=0 ) ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------;----------------------------------- ; Find projectile intercept angle from Source (Enemy) to Target (Player) ; Algorithm: Eelco <eelco_hoogendoorn@hotmail.com> ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------; Wrapper: Teasy <thechange@yahoo.com> ; Parameters ; Source: INTER~29.BB ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; (ex,ey) Enemy position ; evx & evy Enemy velocity vector ; (px,py) Player position ; pvx & pvy Player velocity vector ; bs Bullet speed ; maxradius Radius for the player to be in (now or future), 0 = no limit ; maxtime Only shoot if (future) time of impact is below this amount ; (0 = no limit) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Make player motion relative to enemy motion ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local es# = Sqr( evxevx + evyevy ) Local ea# = ATan2( evy,evx ) ; Local ps# = Sqr( pvxpvx + pvypvy ) Local pa# = ATan2( pvy,pvx ) ; Local rpvx#=pvx-evx ; Relative player velocity Local rpvy#=pvy-evy ; (Cart vector) ; ps=Sqr( rpvxrpvx + rpvyrpvy ) ; Relative player motion (polar) vector pa=ATan2( -rpvy,rpvx ) ; Warning: overrides ps,pa ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Relative distance to player from enemy ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local rx#=px-ex ; Relative player-enemy distance Local ry#=py-ey ; (Cart vector) ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player must be moving ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; If Abs( ps )>=0.000001 ; If player speed is more than a little ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Find where player will be, using player motion and bullet speed ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : Local a#=ATan2( ey-py,ex-px ) ; Angle player->enemy Local n#=Sin( -pa-a )/bsps ; Angle relative to player, speed scaled ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player path must be within range for bullet to hit ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : If n>=-1 And n<=1 ; Can bullet ever hit player? ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; New bullet motion for impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local ba#=180+ASin( n )-a ; Rotated angle back to enemy ; : ; Local bvx#=Cos( ba )bs ; New bullet velocity (cart) vector Local bvy#=-Sin( ba )bs ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; See when the bullet will impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local d#=bvypvx - bvxpvy ; Intersection ; : ; If Abs( d )>=0.000001 ; Avoid infinitely small Local t#=( bvxry - bvyrx )/d ; Time of intersection ; : ; \| If Not ( maxtime>0 And t>=maxtime Or t<0 ) ; Time must be in future but not too far Return VectorAngle( bvx,bvy ) ; Convert back to: Up = 0 degrees EndIf ; : ; \| Else Return Abs a#+180 EndIf ; : ; EndIf Else ; target not moving Return ATan2( ey-py,ex-px )+180 EndIf ; Return -1001 End Function ; polar & cartesian coordinate conversion routines Function VectorX# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle ) Distance End Function Function VectorY# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle - 90 ) * Distance End Function Function VectorDistance# ( X# , Y# ) Return Sqr ( X * X + Y * Y ) End Function Function VectorAngle# ( X# , Y# ) Return -ATan2 ( X , Y ) + 180 End Function ; return relative angle difference (takes angle wrapping into account) ; - max angle difference: 359 degrees Function AngleDifference( CurrentAngle , TargetAngle ) If TargetAngle - CurrentAngle > 180 Then TargetAngle = TargetAngle - 360 If CurrentAngle - TargetAngle > 180 Then CurrentAngle = CurrentAngle - 360 Return CurrentAngle - TargetAngle End Function Function CapFloat#( Value# , Min#,Max# ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function DrawGrid( x,y , w,h , ww,wh ) Local px = x Mod w Repeat Rect px,0 , 1,wh px = px + w Until px >= ww Local py = y Mod h Repeat Rect 0,py , ww,1 py = py + h Until py >= wh End Function --v spacewars4-tc1.bb Edit: I've noticed a 'small' problem with accurate heading related to the rectangular speed limiter, so I've added a new circular limiter that should fix it
Tue, 12 Oct 2010, 15:28
j\\'ordos	Sweet! Thanks a lot Teasy, the code is quite clear, looks like it required less changes than I first imagined! Glad to see you managed to decipher my code without much problems, luckily the program isn't too big yet Any suggestions you may have are of course welcome! I'm trying to make the game look as much like subspace/continuum as possible for now, but it isn't my eventual goal to make a clone. I Just wanted to make a 360 shooter set in space and subspace seemed like a good starting point (not in the least because I could rip it's graphics ) There's still heaps of work left to do, and AI seems like the next step... I can use any advice anyone can give me on that Thanks for the other small edits by the way (except for disabling reverse thrust perhaps ), I love my game now <3
Tue, 19 Oct 2010, 09:10
Teasy	Well, I am curious why you are converting from object to handle and back again, when you can simply use a direct reference to the object instead, as I see you're not using Object/Handle for abstraction (yet?). I mean, it looks really cool and daunting but my guess is that wasn't your intention ^^ In your code: Type player Field ship .. .. Type ship .. .. Local sh.ship=New ship .. Global pl.player=New player .. pl\ship=Handle(sh) .. .update_player sh.ship=Object.ship(pl\ship) wg.weap_gun=Object.weap_gun(sh\weap_gun) wb.weap_bmb=Object.weap_bmb(sh\weap_bmb) --v And when 'simplified': Type player Field ship.ship .. .. Type ship .. .. Local sh.ship=New ship .. Global pl.player=New player .. pl\ship=sh; .. .update_player sh=pl\ship; wg=sh\weap_gun; wb=sh\weap_bmb; --v Btw, I was wondering why you use the fieldnames 's' and 't' for horizontal/vertical velocities? Sometimes I use functions to wrap commonly used code. Or for example to make a process easier (like maths). Or to create an object in a unified way, or creating multiple types of objects using 1 function. Just for illustration, in your code: Local np.npc=New npc np\x#=50 np\y#=50 np\ship=Handle(sh) np\shield=1200 np\freq=1 np\target=Handle(pl) --v And with a function: Function NewNPC.NPC( x#,y# , ship.ship,shield,freq,target.ship ) Local npc.NPC=New NPC npc\x=x npc\y=y npc\ship=ship npc\shield=shield npc\freq=freq npc\target=target End function .. Local np.NPC=NewNPC( 50,50 , sh,1200,1,pl ) --v Hopefully you'll find something new here hehe ^^ Another example is for saving typing, and making the code easier to read and faster to modify For example using this function: Function SetColorXY( x,y ) Color colour(x,y,0),colour(x,y,1),colour(x,y,2) End Function --v Turning this: Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) --v Into this: SetColorXY pl\hlthbar_x , pl\hlthbar_y --v Also, I highly recommend using some constants for massively reoccuring values ^^ It also clarifies questions like "what does this '36' mean?" I love modifying my own old source code which use these constants where I otherwise would have no idea what some numbers meant Const ShipFrameSize = 36 .. gfx_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\wbroll.bmp",ShipFrameSize,ShipFrameSize,0,440) .. If RectsOverlap( x,y , ShipFrameSize,ShipFrameSize , 0,0 , screenx,screeny ) --v For the AI, I've added a small addition that prevents it from turning a full 360 sometimes. Simply by calculating whether clockwise or counter-clockwise is the fastest turning direction to be facing the player. ; * turn to match predicted player-hit-angle ; use 'angle difference' to prevent npc from turning a near-full 360 sometimes turn_dir = Sgn( AngleDifference( target_angle , np\angle ) ) np\angle = np\angle + turn_dir * sh\turnspeed * FL\SpeedFactor --v Apparently there was a bug in the InterceptAngle function. Maybe I used an older version in a previous test program ^^ Anyway, I've replaced it with the most recent version, and it seems to be working excellently again Local target_angle# = InterceptAngle( np\x#,np\y# , np\s#,np\t# , pl\x#,pl\y# , pl\s#,pl\t# , wb\speed ) If target_angle = Unreachable ; use direct target_angle = VectorAngle( pl\x-np\x,pl\y-np\y ) EndIf --v Also, I've add a little radius check to see if the NPC is near the player, and if so, to stop thrusting, which gives it a bit more 'real' feel ; thrust only if not near player dist = VectorDistance( np\x-pl\x,np\y-pl\y ) Local aithrust# If dist >= maxdist aithrust = aithrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else aithrust = aithrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor EndIf aithrust = CapFloat( aithrust , 0,maxthrust ) --v To prevent local (or even global) variables from 'bleeding through' multiple parts of code, you could convert a Gosub section (or part of it) to a compartimentalized function ^^ Although, looking at your code, it is very inspiring to see how well it works and how easy it is to read/edit it without having used any functions First thing I see for example, for which also a Gosub section can be used, is making a centralized code-spot for respawning the NPC and player, because there are currently 2 places, for both the NPC and the player, to (re)spawn them, in the code. Btw, what were you planning on using the GetCurvature functions for? Personally I prefer code where there are less numbers and more concrete or abstract words/variables. For example, I would alter the following code: ex\x=pl\x+10+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=pl\y+10-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) --v Into perhaps looking like this: exhaust\x = player\x + ExhaustOffsetX + VectorX( ExhaustDistance , 170+pl\angle ) exhaust\y = player\y + ExhaustOffsetY + VectorY( ExhaustDistance , 170+pl\angle ) --v This also allows using Sin/Cos tables ofcourse ^^ You could also use MidHandle on some images, so the orientation is centered, like for rotated ships, and, as such, requires no additional offsetting in the code I felt that the thrust display was a little 'unnatural' so I altered the entire exhaust velocity orientation from screen-based to 'game zone'-based. So now the NPC's exhaust trail looks identical to the player's I've also expanded the NPC's thrust code to have the same threshold as the player which is now also visible in the exhaust I've noticed you're sometimes using "#" as explicit variable type identifier. For example: np\x#=50 np\y#=50 --v But in Blitz, after declaration, you're free to omit the "#" Same goes for integers, and all other types of variables. Local integer% Local pointer.TYPE .. integer=Handle pointer --v I'm curious if you can implement reverse thrust the way you want it to function and look using the new thrust 'system' I've also hid all debugging values by default. Press (and hold) backquote (tilde key) to make all debugging values show up including some new marker/heading lines to clearly demonstrate the ship's motion. And some more small changes I hope you enjoy AppTitle "SpaceWars 4" Const screenx=640;1280 Const screeny=480;1024 Const screenxmid=screenx/2;622;382 Const screenymid=screeny/2;494;282 Graphics screenx,screeny , 0,3 SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) gfx_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\wbroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) gfx_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\jvroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) junk_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkwb.bmp",16,16,0,90) junk_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkjv.bmp",16,16,0,90) exhaust=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Exhaust.bmp",16,16,0,38) bullet1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bullets.bmp",5,5,0,40) bombs=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\bombs.bmp",16,16,0,130) trail=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\trail.bmp",16,16,0,50) bombflsh=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bombflsh.bmp",8,8,0,6) explode0=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X0.bmp",16,16,0,7) explode1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X1.bmp",128,64,0,8) icons=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icons.bmp",26,24,0,54) icondoor=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icondoor.bmp",11,13,0,24) hlthbar=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\hlthbar.bmp",116,28,0,2) disp=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\disp.bmp") engyfont=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\engyfont.bmp",16,24,0,10) Const max_misc=14 Const max_star=7 Dim bg_misc(13) For bg=1 To max_misc bg_misc(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Bg\bg"+bg+".bmp") Next Dim bg_star(6) For bg=1 To max_star bg_star(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\BG\star"+bg+".bmp") Next Const radarsize=screenx/8;150 Const radarrange=2000;screenx1.5;2000 Dim table_sin#(359) ;precalc sin&cos tables at 9 degrees intervals Dim table_cos#(359) For a=0 To 359 table_sin(a)=Sin(Floor(a/9)9) table_cos(a)=Cos(Floor(a/9)9) Next currentcol#=0 Dim colour(127,39,2) colors=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\colors.bmp") SetBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) LockBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) For x=0 To 127 For y=0 To 39 pixel=ReadPixelFast(x,y) colour(x,y,0)=(pixel Shr 16) And $ff ;red colour(x,y,1)=(pixel Shr 8) And $ff ;green colour(x,y,2)=pixel And $ff ;blue Next Next UnlockBuffer() Function SetColorXY( x,y ) Color colour(x,y,0),colour(x,y,1),colour(x,y,2) End Function ;game types Type player Field x#,y#,xlog#[1],ylog#[1],clog,dlog,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,exhaust_t Field ship,shield,ammo#,reload#,bombs,freq Field hlthbar_x#,hlthbar_y Field key_left,key_right,key_up,key_down,key_fireA,key_fireB End Type Type npc Field x#,y#,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,exhaust_t Field ship,shield,freq Field target End Type Type exhaust Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame# End Type Type bullet Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,particle_t,life,freq,dmg End Type Type particle Field x#,y#,col_x#,col_y End Type Type bomb Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,trail_t,life,freq,dmg End Type Type trail Field x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type explosion Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type debris_m Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end,s#,t# End Type Type debris_s Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type FrameRate Field TargetFPS#,SpeedFactor# Field FPS# Field CurrentTicks Field FrameDelay End Type ;data types Type ship Field img,junk,accel#,topspeed#,turnspeed#,weap_gun,weap_bmb,shl_recharge,shield End Type Type weap_gun Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,multi,ammo,rof,reload End Type Type weap_bmb Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,proxy,recoil End Type Global FL.FrameRate=New FrameRate FL\TargetFPS#=35 FL\FrameDelay=MilliSecs() Local wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=20 wg\dmg=400 wg\speed=12 wg\life=9000 wg\icon=9 wg\multi=False wg\ammo=15 wg\rof=100 wg\reload=3000 Local wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=2000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=20 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 Local sh.ship=New ship sh\img=gfx_wb sh\junk=junk_wb sh\accel#=0.05 sh\topspeed#=3 sh\turnspeed#=5 sh\weap_gun=Handle(wg) sh\weap_bmb=Handle(wb) sh\shield=1500 Const player_startx=350 Const player_starty=250 Global pl.player=New player pl\x#=player_startx pl\y#=player_starty pl\s=0 pl\t=0 pl\ship=Handle(sh) pl\shield=1500 pl\ammo=15 pl\hlthbar_y=4 pl\bombs=3 pl\freq=0 pl\key_left=203 pl\key_right=205 pl\key_up=200 pl\key_down=208 pl\key_fireA=29 pl\key_fireB=15 wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=0 wg\dmg=200 wg\speed=8 wg\life=9000 wg\icon=0 wg\multi=False wg\ammo=20 wg\rof=80 wg\reload=3500 wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=2000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=20 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 sh.ship=New ship sh\img=gfx_jv sh\junk=junk_jv sh\accel#=0.06 sh\topspeed#=2 sh\turnspeed#=3 sh\weap_gun=0 sh\weap_bmb=Handle(wb) sh\shield=1200 Local np.npc=New npc np\x=Rand(0,100) ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\y=Rand(0,100) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,360) np\ship=Handle(sh) np\shield=1200 np\freq=1 np\target=Handle(pl) ; unused! .create_starfield SeedRnd MilliSecs() Dim backdrop(2) backdrop(0)=CreateImage(screenx2,screeny2) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(0)) Color 100,100,100 For star=0 To screeny Rect Rand(screenx2),Rand(screeny2),1,1 Next DrawBlock bg_misc(Rand(max_misc-1)),Rand(screenx),Rand(screeny) backdrop(1)=CreateImage(screenx1,screeny1) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(1)) Color 200,200,200 For star=0 To screeny/12 Rect Rand(screenx1),Rand(screeny1),1,1 Next For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx1-21),Rand(screeny1-21) Next backdrop(2)=CreateImage(screenx,screeny) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(2)) For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx-21),Rand(screeny-21) Next SetBuffer BackBuffer() Delay 500 ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .main_battle_standard While Not KeyHit(1) FL\CurrentTicks=MilliSecs() FL\SpeedFactor=(FL\CurrentTicks - FL\FrameDelay)/(1000/FL\TargetFPS) If FL\SpeedFactor<=0 Then FL\SpeedFactor=0.00000000001 FL\FPS=FL\TargetFPS/FL\SpeedFactor FL\FrameDelay=FL\CurrentTicks Cls If KeyDown(41) ; backquote Color 0,64,0 DrawGrid screenxmid-pl\x,screenymid-pl\y , screenx/4,screeny/4 , screenx,screeny EndIf currentcol#=currentcol#+4FL\SpeedFactor If currentcol#>127 Then currentcol#=0 TileImage backdrop(0),-pl\x#/16,-pl\y#/32 TileImage backdrop(1),7-pl\x#/8,-pl\y#/8 TileImage backdrop(2),23-pl\x#/4,-pl\y#/4 ;time1=MilliSecs() Gosub update_debris_m Gosub update_debris_s Gosub update_exhaust Gosub update_particles Gosub update_bullets Gosub update_trails Gosub update_bombs Gosub update_npc Gosub update_player Gosub update_explosion Gosub update_radar ;Text 0,0,Floor(pl\angle#) Flip Wend End ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_player sh.ship=Object.ship(pl\ship) wg.weap_gun=Object.weap_gun(sh\weap_gun) wb.weap_bmb=Object.weap_bmb(sh\weap_bmb) Turn=KeyDown(pl\key_right)-KeyDown(pl\key_left) ;determine turn direction pl\angle#=pl\angle#+sh\turnspeed#TurnFL\SpeedFactor ;apply rotation If pl\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow pl\angle#=0 ElseIf pl\angle#<0 pl\angle#=359 EndIf ;Thrust=KeyDown(pl\key_up)-KeyDown(pl\key_down) ;determine thrust direction Local thrust# If KeyDown( pl\key_up ) thrust = thrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else thrust = thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor End If Const maxthrust = 15 thrust = CapFloat( thrust , 0,maxthrust ) ;speedx#=sh\accel#thrusttable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;calculate thrust ;speedy#=sh\accel#thrusttable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) Local speedx# = sh\accel * thrust * Sin( pl\angle ) / maxthrust Local speedy# = sh\accel * thrust * Cos( pl\angle ) / maxthrust ;pl\s#=pl\s#+speedx#(Abs(pl\s+speedx)<sh\topspeed#) ;apply thrust ;pl\t#=pl\t#-speedy#(Abs(pl\t-speedy)<sh\topspeed#) ; speedX and speedY pl\s = pl\s + speedx pl\t = pl\t - speedy ;; rectangular limiter ;If Abs( pl\s ) > sh\topspeed ; pl\s = Sgn( pl\s ) * sh\topspeed ;End If ;If Abs( pl\t ) > sh\topspeed ; pl\t = Sgn( pl\t ) * sh\topspeed ;End If ; circular limiter Local ship_speed# = VectorDistance( pl\s,pl\t ) If ship_speed > sh\topspeed2 ; made player ship 2x faster ship_speed = sh\topspeed2 Local ship_heading# = VectorAngle( pl\s,pl\t ) pl\s = VectorX( ship_speed,ship_heading ) pl\t = VectorY( ship_speed,ship_heading ) End If ;speed#=Sqr(pl\s#pl\s#+pl\t#pl\t#) ;limit speed ;If speed#>sh\topspeed# ; speed#=speed#-.1 ; pl\s#=speed#table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ; pl\t#=speed#table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;EndIf ;Maneuvre=thrustturn ;determine&apply roll ;pl\roll#=pl\roll#+.3(pl\roll#-.3>-5 And pl\roll#+.3<5)ManeuvreFL\Speedfactor# ;pl\roll#=pl\roll#-0.1Sgn(pl\roll#)FL\Speedfactor# pl\x#=pl\x#+pl\s#FL\SpeedFactor# ;apply velocity to player position pl\y#=pl\y#+pl\t#FL\SpeedFactor# aV#=ATan2(pl\s#,-pl\t#);+180 difference=AngleDifference(pl\angle#,aV#) pl\roll#=Sin(difference)5thrust/maxthrust If KeyDown(41) ; backquote Color 255,192,128 Text 0,screeny-25 , "[Player] "+pl\angle EndIf If KeyDown(pl\key_fireA) And sh\weap_gun<>0 And pl\reload=0 bu.bullet=New bullet bu\frame#=wg\frame bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 bu\x#=pl\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\y#=pl\y#+15.5-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bu\life=wg\life bu\freq=pl\freq bu\dmg=wg\dmg pl\ammo=pl\ammo-1 If pl\ammo<=wg\ammo/4 pl\hlthbar_y=6 ElseIf pl\ammo<=wg\ammo/2 pl\hlthbar_y=5 Else pl\hlthbar_y=4 EndIf pl\reload=MilliSecs() ElseIf KeyDown(pl\key_fireB) And sh\weap_bmb<>0 And pl\bombs<>0 And pl\reload=0 xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=bombflsh xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\frame_end=5 bm.bomb=New bomb bm\frame#=wb\frame bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 bm\x#=pl\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\y#=pl\y#+15.5-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bm\life=wb\life bm\freq=pl\freq bm\dmg=wb\dmg pl\bombs=pl\bombs-1 pl\reload=MilliSecs() pl\s#=pl\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) pl\t#=pl\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) EndIf If thrust<>0 And pl\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ;ex\x=screenxmid+10+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ;ex\y=screenymid+10-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ; relative to game zone (not screen) ex\x=pl\x+10+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=pl\y+10-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ; add ship's velocity ex\s#=thrust/maxthrust * 4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - pl\s ex\t#=thrust/maxthrust * 4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + pl\t ;ex\s#=thrust4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ;ex\t#=thrust4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ;; add ship's velocity ;ex\s=ex\s+pl\s ;ex\t=ex\t-pl\t ex\frame=0 ; ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ; ex\x=screenxmid+10+15Sin(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ; ex\y=screenymid+10-15Cos(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ; ex\s#=4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor ; ex\t#=4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor ; ;ex\s#=thrust4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ; ;ex\t#=thrust4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor/maxthrust ; ;; add ship's velocity ; ;ex\s=ex\s+pl\s ; ;ex\t=ex\t-pl\t ; ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ex\x=pl\x+10+15Sin(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=pl\y+10-15Cos(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ; add ship's velocity ex\s#=thrust/maxthrust * 4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - pl\s ex\t#=thrust/maxthrust * 4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + pl\t ex\frame=0 pl\exhaust_t=5 Else pl\exhaust_t=pl\exhaust_t-1(pl\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf If pl\ammo=0 Then ;reload If MilliSecs()>pl\reload+wg\reload pl\reload=0 pl\ammo=wg\ammo pl\hlthbar_y=4 EndIf ElseIf pl\reload<>0 Then If MilliSecs()>pl\reload+wg\rof Then pl\reload=0 EndIf pl\shield=pl\shield+1(pl\shield<sh\shield) DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid,screenymid,200+Floor(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#) If KeyDown(41) ; backquote w=36 x=screenxmid+w/2 y=screenymid+w/2 Color 0,255,255 Oval x-w/2,y-w/2 , w,w , False Color 255,255,0 Line x,y , x+pl\s10,y+pl\t10 End If ;stat display DrawImage disp,screenx-84,5 For char=Len(pl\shield) To 1 Step -1 ;remaining shield img=Asc(Mid$(pl\shield,char,1)) DrawImage engyfont,screenx-30-Len(pl\shield)16+char16,0,img-48 Next ;healthbar (weapon bar) display Color colour(0,4,0),colour(0,4,1),colour(0,4,2) ;token strip Rect screenxmid+27,9,screenx/6,2,False pl\hlthbar_x=pl\hlthbar_x+.4FL\SpeedFactor ;actual meter bar If pl\hlthbar_x>13 Then pl\hlthbar_x=0 If pl\ammo=0 Then Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,((MilliSecs()-pl\reload)/wg\reload)(screenx/6),6,True Else Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,(pl\ammo/wg\ammo)(screenx/6),6,True EndIf DrawImage hlthbar,screenxmid-40,0,(pl\reload=0) ;energy bar image DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-32,wg\icon ;weapon icons DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-8,wb\icon DrawBlock icondoor,screenx-34,screenymid,pl\bombs Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_exhaust ;Local ex.exhaust For ex=Each exhaust ; relative to game zone (not screen) DrawImage exhaust,screenxmid+ex\x-pl\x,screenymid+ex\y-pl\y,ex\frame# ; low precision ;ex\frame#=ex\frame#+1.8FL\SpeedFactor# ;ex\x=ex\x-ex\s# ;ex\y=ex\y+ex\t# ; high precision ex\frame#=ex\frame#+.9FL\SpeedFactor# ex\x=ex\x-ex\s#.5 ex\y=ex\y+ex\t#.5 If ex\frame#>18 Then Delete ex Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_npc Const maxdist = screenx/4 Const maxaithrust = 15 For np.npc=Each npc sh.ship=Object.ship(np\ship) wg.weap_gun=Object.weap_gun(sh\weap_gun) wb.weap_bmb=Object.weap_bmb(sh\weap_bmb) Local target_angle# = InterceptAngle( np\x#,np\y# , np\s#,np\t# , pl\x#,pl\y# , pl\s#,pl\t# , wb\speed ) If target_angle = Unreachable ; use direct target_angle = VectorAngle( pl\x-np\x,pl\y-np\y ) EndIf If KeyDown(41) ; backquote Color 224,224,128 Text 0,screeny-15,"[AI] "+target_angle+" - "+np\angle+" - "+dist+" ("+maxdist+")" EndIf ; * turn to match predicted player-hit-angle ; use 'angle difference' to prevent npc from turning a near-full 360 sometimes turn_dir = Sgn( AngleDifference( target_angle , np\angle ) ) np\angle# = np\angle# + turn_dir * sh\turnspeed# * FL\SpeedFactor ;np\angle = target_angle ;np\angle#=np\angle#+sh\turnspeed#Sgn(target_angle-np\angle)FL\SpeedFactor If np\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow np\angle#=0 ElseIf np\angle#<0 np\angle#=359 EndIf ; thrust only if not near player dist = VectorDistance( np\x-pl\x,np\y-pl\y ) Local aithrust# If dist >= maxdist ;Or True aithrust = aithrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else aithrust = aithrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor EndIf aithrust = CapFloat( aithrust , 0,maxthrust ) If aithrust > 0 ;speedx#=aithrust * sh\accel#table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ;calculate thrust ;speedy#=aithrust sh\accel#table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) speedx# = aithrust/maxaithrust sh\accel# * Sin( np\angle ) speedy# = aithrust/maxaithrust * sh\accel# * Cos( np\angle ) np\s#=np\s#+speedx#(Abs(np\s+speedx)<sh\topspeed#) ;apply thrust np\t#=np\t#-speedy#(Abs(np\t-speedy)<sh\topspeed#) np\s#=np\s#-.1(Abs(np\s#)>sh\topspeed#)Sgn(np\s#) ;limit thrust np\t#=np\t#-.1(Abs(np\t#)>sh\topspeed#)Sgn(np\t#) EndIf np\x#=np\x#+np\s#FL\SpeedFactor# ;apply velocity to npc position np\y#=np\y#+np\t#FL\SpeedFactor# ;@# disabled enemy fire ; If Rand(150)=1 And Abs(target_angle-np\angle#)<1 Then ; If sh\weap_gun<>0 ; bu.bullet=New bullet ; bu\frame#=wg\frame ; bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 ; bu\x#=np\x#+15.5+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bu\y#=np\y#+15.5-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# ; bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# ; bu\life=wg\life ; bu\dmg=wg\dmg ; bu\freq=np\freq ; ElseIf sh\weap_bmb<>0 ; xp.explosion=New explosion ; xp\img=bombflsh ; xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; xp\frame_end=5 ; ; bm.bomb=New bomb ; bm\frame#=wb\frame ; bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 ; bm\x#=np\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bm\y#=np\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# ; bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# ; bm\life=wb\life ; bm\freq=np\freq ; bm\dmg=wb\dmg ; np\s#=np\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ; np\t#=np\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ; EndIf ; EndIf If aithrust > 0 If np\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ;calc1s#=Sin(np\angle) ;calc1c#=Cos(np\angle) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ;ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#+10+15Sin(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ;ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#+10-15Cos(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ; relative to game zone (not screen) ex\x=np\x+10+15Sin(170+np\angle) ex\y=np\y+10-15Cos(170+np\angle) ; add ship's velocity ex\s#=aithrust/maxaithrust * 4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - np\s ex\t#=aithrust/maxaithrust * 4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + np\t ex\frame=0 ; ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ; ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#+10+15Sin(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ; ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#+10-15Cos(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ; ex\s#=4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor ; ex\t#=4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor ; ; add ship's velocity ; ;ex\s=ex\s+np\s ; ;ex\t=ex\t-np\t ; ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ex\x=np\x+10+15Sin(190+np\angle) ex\y=np\y+10-15Cos(190+np\angle) ; add ship's velocity ex\s#=aithrust/maxaithrust * 4calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - np\s ex\t#=aithrust/maxaithrust * 4calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + np\t ex\frame=0 np\exhaust_t=5 Else np\exhaust_t=np\exhaust_t-1(np\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf EndIf np\shield=np\shield+1(np\shield<sh\shield) If RectsOverlap(screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,36,36,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#) If KeyDown(41) ; backquote w=36 x=screenxmid+np\x-pl\x+w/2 y=screenymid+np\y-pl\y+w/2 Color 0,255,255 Oval x-w/2,y-w/2 , w,w , False Color 255,255,0 Line x,y , x+np\s10,y+np\t10 End If EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_particles Local pa.particle For pa=Each particle Color colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,0),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,1),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,2) Rect screenxmid+pa\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+pa\y#-pl\y#,1,1 pa\col_x=pa\col_x+1FL\SpeedFactor If pa\col_x>13 Then Delete pa Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bullets For bu.bullet=Each bullet bu\x#=bu\x#+bu\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bu\y#=bu\y#+bu\t#FL\SpeedFactor# bu\frame#=bu\frame#+.1FL\SpeedFactor# If bu\frame#>bu\frame_end Then bu\frame#=bu\frame_end-3 For np.npc=Each npc If np\freq<>bu\freq And RectsOverlap(bu\x#,bu\y#,5,5,np\x#,np\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,gfx_jv,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-bu\dmg If np\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 np\x=Rand(0,100) ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\y=Rand(0,100) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,360) np\shield=1200 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf EndIf Next ;For pl.player=Each player If pl\freq<>bu\freq And RectsOverlap(bu\x#,bu\y#,5,5,pl\x#,pl\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,gfx_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-bu\dmg If pl\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 pl\x#=player_startx pl\y#=player_starty pl\shield=1500 pl\bombs=3 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf EndIf ;Next If RectsOverlap(screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,5,5,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage bullet1,screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,bu\frame# If bu\particle_t=0 pa.particle=New particle pa\x#=bu\x#+2.5 pa\y#=bu\y#+2.5 pa\col_x=0 pa\col_y=7 bu\particle_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bu\particle_t=bu\particle_t-1 EndIf EndIf bu\life=bu\life-1 If bu\life=0 Then Delete bu .stop_bullet Next Return .update_trails For tr.trail=Each trail DrawImage trail,screenxmid+tr\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+tr\y#-pl\y#,tr\frame# tr\frame#=tr\frame+1FL\SpeedFactor# If tr\frame#>tr\frame_end Then Delete tr Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bombs For bm.bomb=Each bomb bm\x#=bm\x#+bm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bm\y#=bm\y#+bm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# bm\frame#=bm\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If bm\frame#>bm\frame_end Then bm\frame#=bm\frame_end-9 For np.npc=Each npc If bm\freq<>np\freq And RectsOverlap(bm\x#,bm\y#,5,5,np\x#,np\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,gfx_jv,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-bm\dmg If np\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 np\x#=50 np\y#=50 np\shield=1200 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf EndIf Next ;For pl.player=Each player If pl\freq<>bm\freq And RectsOverlap(bm\x#,bm\y#,5,5,pl\x#,pl\y#,35,35) If ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,gfx_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-bm\dmg If pl\shield<0 ;dm.debris_m=New debris_m ; dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+10 ; dm\y#=screenymid+np\y#+10 ; dm\s#=np\s# ; dm\t#=np\t# ; dm\frame_end=9 For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10 dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10 ;angle=Rand(45) dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#/2) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#/2) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#-46 xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#-14 xp\frame_end=7 pl\x#=350 pl\y#=250 pl\shield=1500 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x#-5.5 xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y#-5.5 xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf EndIf ;Next If RectsOverlap(screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,5,5,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage bombs,screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,bm\frame# If bm\trail_t=0 tr.trail=New trail tr\x#=bm\x#+2.5 tr\y#=bm\y#+2.5 tr\frame#=0 tr\frame_end=7 bm\trail_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bm\trail_t=bm\trail_t-1 EndIf EndIf bm\life=bm\life-1 If bm\life=0 Then Delete bm .stop_bomb Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_m ;moving junk For dm.debris_m=Each debris_m DrawImage dm\img,dm\x#-pl\x#,dm\y#-pl\y#,dm\frame# dm\frame#=dm\frame#+((Abs(dm\s#)+Abs(dm\t#))/8)FL\SpeedFactor# If dm\frame#>dm\frame_end Then dm\frame#=dm\frame_end-9 dm\x#=dm\x#+dm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\y#=dm\y#-dm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\s#=dm\s#-Sgn(dm\s#)/150 dm\t#=dm\t#-Sgn(dm\t#)/150 If Abs(dm\s#+dm\t#)<0.1 ds.debris_s=New debris_s ds\img=dm\img ds\x#=dm\x# ds\y#=dm\y# ds\frame#=dm\frame# ds\frame_end=dm\frame_end Delete dm EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_s ;still junk For ds.debris_s=Each debris_s DrawImage ds\img,ds\x#-pl\x#,ds\y#-pl\y#,ds\frame# ds\frame#=ds\frame#+.02FL\SpeedFactor# If ds\frame#>ds\frame_end Then ds\frame#=ds\frame_end-9 Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_explosion For xp.explosion=Each explosion DrawImage xp\img,xp\x#-pl\x#,xp\y#-pl\y#,xp\frame# xp\frame#=xp\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If xp\frame#>xp\frame_end Then Delete xp Next Return .update_radar xmod=screenx-radarsize-8 ymod=screeny-radarsize-8 Color colour(currentcol,16,0),colour(currentcol,16,1),colour(currentcol,16,2) ;radar background Rect screenx-radarsize-8,screeny-radarsize-8,radarsize,radarsize,True Color colour(currentcol,1,0),colour(currentcol,1,1),colour(currentcol,1,2) ;radar border1 Rect screenx-radarsize-9,screeny-radarsize-9,radarsize+2,radarsize+2,False Color colour(currentcol,2,0),colour(currentcol,2,1),colour(currentcol,2,2) ;radar border2 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-10,radarsize+4,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,3,0),colour(currentcol,3,1),colour(currentcol,3,2) ;radar border3 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-11,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-6,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-11,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Rect screenx-6,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,28,0),colour(currentcol,28,1),colour(currentcol,28,2) ;player Rect xmod+radarsize/2,ymod+radarsize/2,2,2,False For np.npc=Each npc If RectsOverlap(np\x#,np\y#,36,36,pl\x#-radarrange/2,pl\y#-radarrange/2,radarrange,radarrange) Color colour(currentcol,34,0),colour(currentcol,34,1),colour(currentcol,34,2) Rect xmod+radarsize/2+(np\x#-pl\x#)/(radarrange/radarsize),ymod+radarsize/2+(np\y#-pl\y#)/(radarrange/radarsize),2,2,False EndIf Next Return Function getcurvature(p1x, p1y, p2x, p2y, p3x, p3y) ;Text 50,0,p1x+","+p1y ;Text 50,20,p2x+","+p2y ;Text 50,40,p3x+","+p3y Local A#, B#, C#, D#, E#, F#, G#, cx#, cy#, rad# A = p2x - p1x B = p2y - p1y C = p3x - p1x D = p3y - p1y E = A * (p1x + p2x) + B * (p1y + p2y) F = C * (p1x + p3x) + D * (p1y + p3y) G = 2 * (A * (p3y - p2y) - B * (p3x - p2x)) If G = 0 Then Return 0 Else cx = (D * E - B * F) / G cy = (A * F - C * E) / G rad = Sqr((p1x - cx) ^ 2 + (p1y - cy) ^ 2) rad=1/rad Return rad EndIf End Function Function get_curvature(p1x#, p1y#, p2x#, p2y#, p3x#, p3y#) Local dist1#,dist2#,dist3#,curve# dist1#=Sqr(Exp(p2x#-p1x#)+Exp(p2y#-p1y#)) dist2#=Sqr(Exp(p3x#-p2x#)+Exp(p3y#-p2y#)) dist3#=Sqr(Exp(p1x#-p3x#)+Exp(p1y#-p3y#)) Text 0,20,dist1# Text 0,40,dist2# Text 0,60,dist3# curve#=Sin(ACos((Exp(dist1#)+Exp(dist2#)+Exp(dist3#)/(2dist1#dist2#)))) Return curve# End Function Const Unreachable=-1001 Function InterceptAngle( ex#,ey# , evx#,evy# , px#,py# , pvx#,pvy# , bs# , maxtime=0 ) ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------;----------------------------------- ; Find projectile intercept angle from Source (Enemy) to Target (Player) ; Algorithm: Eelco <eelco_hoogendoorn@hotmail.com> ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------; Wrapper: Teasy <thechange@yahoo.com> ; Parameters ; Source: INTER~29.BB ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; (ex,ey) Enemy position ; evx & evy Enemy velocity vector ; (px,py) Player position ; pvx & pvy Player velocity vector ; bs Bullet speed ; maxradius Radius for the player to be in (now or future), 0 = no limit ; maxtime Only shoot if (future) time of impact is below this amount ; (0 = no limit) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Make player motion relative to enemy motion ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local es# = Sqr( evxevx + evyevy ) Local ea# = ATan2( evy,evx ) ; Local ps# = Sqr( pvxpvx + pvypvy ) Local pa# = ATan2( pvy,pvx ) ; Local rpvx#=pvx-evx ; Relative player velocity Local rpvy#=pvy-evy ; (Cart vector) ; ps=Sqr( rpvxrpvx + rpvyrpvy ) ; Relative player motion (polar) vector pa=ATan2( -rpvy,rpvx ) ; Warning: overrides ps,pa ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Relative distance to player from enemy ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local rx#=px-ex ; Relative player-enemy distance Local ry#=py-ey ; (Cart vector) ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player must be moving ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; If Abs( ps )>=0.000001 ; If player speed is more than a little ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Find where player will be, using player motion and bullet speed ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : Local a#=ATan2( ey-py,ex-px ) ; Angle player->enemy Local n#=Sin( -pa-a )/bsps ; Angle relative to player, speed scaled ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player path must be within range for bullet to hit ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : If n>=-1 And n<=1 ; Can bullet ever hit player? ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; New bullet motion for impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local ba#=180+ASin( n )-a ; Rotated angle back to enemy ; : ; Local bvx#=Cos( ba )bs ; New bullet velocity (cart) vector Local bvy#=-Sin( ba )bs ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; See when the bullet will impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local d#=bvypvx - bvxpvy ; Intersection ; : ; If Abs( d )>=0.000001 ; Avoid infinitely small Local t#=( bvxry - bvyrx )/d ; Time of intersection ; : ; \| If Not ( maxtime>0 And t>=maxtime Or t<0 ) ; Time must be in future but not too far Return VectorAngle( bvx,bvy ) ; Convert back to: Up = 0 degrees EndIf ; : ; \| EndIf ; : ; EndIf EndIf ; Return Unreachable End Function ; polar & cartesian coordinate conversion routines Function VectorX# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle ) Distance End Function Function VectorY# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle - 90 ) * Distance End Function Function VectorDistance# ( X# , Y# ) Return Sqr ( X * X + Y * Y ) End Function Function VectorAngle# ( X# , Y# ) Return -ATan2 ( X , Y ) + 180 End Function ; return relative angle difference (takes angle wrapping into account) ; - max angle difference: 359 degrees Function AngleDifference( CurrentAngle , TargetAngle ) If TargetAngle - CurrentAngle > 180 Then TargetAngle = TargetAngle - 360 If CurrentAngle - TargetAngle > 180 Then CurrentAngle = CurrentAngle - 360 Return CurrentAngle - TargetAngle End Function Function CapFloat#( Value# , Min#,Max# ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function DrawGrid( x,y , w,h , ww,wh ) Local px = x Mod w Repeat Rect px,0 , 1,wh px = px + w Until px >= ww Local py = y Mod h Repeat Rect 0,py , ww,1 py = py + h Until py >= wh End Function --v spacewars4-tc2.bb
Thu, 21 Oct 2010, 12:44
j\\'ordos	Excellent as always I didn't know there was an alternative to using object and handle to gain direct access to a custom type Thanks for your example! I'm curious though, what would be the use of object and handle then? (abstraction??) I think I just got the s and t names from whatever tutorial I was following at the time... It's possible I misinterpreted them though As for functions, in the case which you mention I haven't used any since the spawning and respawning code is temporary. It's true I will eventually use a function or sub to create all necessary npc's but that's something to think about later, when I have multiple AI ships flying around there are a few places which could use functions though, such as the bullet&bomb creation and npc/player damage&destruction. in general I tend to create as few functions as possible for some reason... I always think of the extra CPU cycles it would cost even though I realize the speed hit would be non-existent (this is also why I used subs instead of functions - I remember some old discussions which concluded gosub was slightly faster . I Also noticed in my previous games that I never needed to pass/return any arguments to those update_xx functions and I don't like creating globals ) Can't think of any argument against using a few more constants though Midhandle is also excellent, I remember thinking about it when I started the project but I wasn't sure what way would end up best... I edited the code which makes it a bit simpler now! Thanks for the AI additions I noticed there was a problem with the intercept function though I didn't find out what it was! And the AI exhaust flames were indeed bugged, I thought I'd be able to shave off a few calculations by offsetting the player's position when the flame was created but that didn't take into account the possibility the player might move :o (damn players always rebelling against my code!) The new thrust effect is looking good! Ah yes, the getcurvature functions were all previous (failed) experiments at achieving a nicely rolling ship I know you don't need to repeat the variable type symbols but I think it's useful to be able to see at a glance whether or not I'm dealing with a float or an integer I implemented the reverse thrust, but it may sometimes generate an occasional flame even when the player is not thrusting the way it is now: If KeyDown( pl\key_up ) ;thrust forward pl\thrust = pl\thrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor ElseIf KeyDown( pl\key_down) ;thrust backward pl\thrust = pl\thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else ;no thrust pl\thrust = pl\thrust - Sgn(pl\thrust) * FL\SpeedFactor End If ... If Int(pl\thrust)<>0 And pl\exhaust_t=0 'create exhaust flames ... endif --v Anyway I merged your new code with my own progress (hope I didn't miss anything!), here's the new program. It's actually a game now You can dogfight the AI ship and there's a little score counter. AppTitle "SpaceWars 4" Const screenx=1280 Const screeny=1024 Const screenxmid=screenx/2-18 Const screenymid=screeny/2-18 Graphics screenx,screeny,0,1 SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) AutoMidHandle True ;'game' gfx ship_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\wbroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) ship_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\jvroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) junk_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkwb.bmp",16,16,0,90) junk_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkjv.bmp",16,16,0,90) exhaust=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Exhaust.bmp",16,16,0,38) bullet1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bullets.bmp",5,5,0,40) bombs=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\bombs.bmp",16,16,0,130) trail=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\trail.bmp",16,16,0,50) bombflsh=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bombflsh.bmp",8,8,0,6) explode0=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X0.bmp",16,16,0,7) explode0_s=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X0_S.bmp",16,16,0,7) explode1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X1.bmp",128,64,0,8) AutoMidHandle False ;UI gfx icons=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icons.bmp",26,24,0,54) icondoor=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icondoor.bmp",11,13,0,24) hlthbar=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\hlthbar.bmp",116,28,0,2) disp=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\disp.bmp") engyfont=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\engyfont.bmp",16,24,0,10) ledfont=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\led.bmp",7,10,0,10) Const max_misc=14 Const max_star=7 Dim bg_misc(13) For bg=1 To max_misc bg_misc(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Bg\bg"+bg+".bmp") Next Dim bg_star(6) For bg=1 To max_star bg_star(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\BG\star"+bg+".bmp") Next Const radarsize=screenx/8 Const radarrange=2000 Dim table_sin#(359) ;precalc sin&cos tables at 9 degrees intervals Dim table_cos#(359) For a=0 To 359 table_sin(a)=Sin(Floor(a/9)9) table_cos(a)=Cos(Floor(a/9)9) Next currentcol#=0 ;read various UI & system colors from colors.bmp Dim colour(127,39,2) colors=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\colors.bmp") SetBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) LockBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) For x=0 To 127 For y=0 To 39 pixel=ReadPixelFast(x,y) colour(x,y,0)=(pixel Shr 16) And $ff ;red colour(x,y,1)=(pixel Shr 8) And $ff ;green colour(x,y,2)=pixel And $ff ;blue Next Next UnlockBuffer() FreeImage colors Function SetColorXY( x,y ) Color colour(x,y,0),colour(x,y,1),colour(x,y,2) End Function ;game types Type player Field ship.ship Field x#,y#,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,thrust#,exhaust_t Field hp,shield,ammo#,reload_gun#,bombs,reload_bmb,freq Field hlthbar_x#,hlthbar_y Field key_left,key_right,key_up,key_down,key_fireA,key_fireB Field count_recharge Field kills,deaths End Type Type npc Field ship.ship Field x#,y#,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,thrust#,exhaust_t Field hp,shield,ammo,reload_gun,bombs,reload_bmb,freq Field target Field count_recharge End Type Type exhaust Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame# End Type Type bullet Field gun.weap_gun Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,particle_t,freq,life_t End Type Type particle Field x#,y#,col_x#,col_y End Type Type bomb Field bmb.weap_bmb Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,trail_t,freq,life_t End Type Type trail Field x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type explosion Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type debris_m Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end,s#,t# End Type Type debris_s Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type FrameRate Field TargetFPS#,SpeedFactor# Field FPS# Field CurrentTicks Field FrameDelay End Type ;data types Type ship Field weap_gun.weap_gun,weap_bmb.weap_bmb Field img,junk,accel#,topspeed#,turnspeed#,hp,shl_recharge,shield End Type Type weap_gun Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,multi,ammo,rof,reload,trail End Type Type weap_bmb Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,proxy,recoil,rof,trail End Type Global FL.FrameRate=New FrameRate FL\TargetFPS#=35 FL\FrameDelay=MilliSecs() Local wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=8 ;bullet image wg\dmg=2000 ;damage wg\speed=12 ;speed wg\life=9000 ;projectile life wg\icon=2 ;UI Icon wg\multi=False ;multifire mode wg\ammo=1 ;max ammo wg\rof=1000 ;rate of fire between shots wg\reload=2000 ;reload time when ammo is depleted wg\trail=9 ;particle trail color Y index from color array Local wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=4000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=18 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 wb\rof=1000 wb\trail=0 Local sh.ship=New ship sh\img=ship_wb sh\junk=junk_wb sh\accel#=0.05 sh\topspeed#=3 sh\turnspeed#=5 sh\weap_gun=wg sh\weap_bmb=wb sh\hp=800 sh\shield=1500 sh\shl_recharge=1 Const player_startx=350 Const player_starty=250 Global pl.player=New player pl\x#=player_startx pl\y#=player_starty pl\ship=sh pl\hp=sh\hp pl\shield=sh\shield pl\ammo=wg\ammo pl\hlthbar_y=4 pl\bombs=15 pl\freq=0 pl\key_left=203 pl\key_right=205 pl\key_up=200 pl\key_down=208 pl\key_fireA=29 pl\key_fireB=15 wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=0 wg\dmg=200 wg\speed=8 wg\life=9000 wg\icon=0 wg\multi=False wg\ammo=20 wg\rof=80 wg\reload=3500 wg\trail=7 wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=4000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=20 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 wb\rof=2500 wb\trail=0 sh.ship=New ship sh\img=ship_jv sh\junk=junk_jv sh\accel#=0.06 sh\topspeed#=2 sh\turnspeed#=3 sh\weap_gun=wg sh\weap_bmb=wb sh\hp=1000 sh\shield=1000 sh\shl_recharge=2 Local np.npc=New npc np\x=Rand(0,100) ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\y=Rand(0,100) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,359) np\ship=sh np\hp=sh\hp np\shield=sh\shield np\freq=1 np\target=Handle(pl) .create_starfield SeedRnd MilliSecs() Dim backdrop(2) backdrop(0)=CreateImage(screenx2,screeny2) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(0)) Color 100,100,100 For star=0 To screeny Rect Rand(screenx2),Rand(screeny2),1,1 Next DrawBlock bg_misc(Rand(max_misc-1)),Rand(screenx),Rand(screeny) backdrop(1)=CreateImage(screenx1,screeny1) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(1)) Color 200,200,200 For star=0 To screeny/12 Rect Rand(screenx1),Rand(screeny1),1,1 Next For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx1-21),Rand(screeny1-21) Next backdrop(2)=CreateImage(screenx,screeny) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(2)) For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx-21),Rand(screeny-21) Next SetBuffer BackBuffer() Delay 500 ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .main_battle_standard While Not KeyHit(1) FL\CurrentTicks=MilliSecs() FL\SpeedFactor=(FL\CurrentTicks - FL\FrameDelay)/(1000/FL\TargetFPS) If FL\SpeedFactor<=0 Then FL\SpeedFactor=0.00000000001 FL\FPS=FL\TargetFPS/FL\SpeedFactor FL\FrameDelay=FL\CurrentTicks Cls currentcol#=currentcol#+4FL\SpeedFactor ;advance current colour If currentcol#>127 Then currentcol#=0 TileImage backdrop(0),-pl\x#/16,-pl\y#/32 ;tile scrolling background TileImage backdrop(1),7-pl\x#/8,-pl\y#/8 TileImage backdrop(2),23-pl\x#/4,-pl\y#/4 If KeyDown(41) ; backquote (debug) Color colour(currentcol#,17,0),colour(currentcol#,17,1),colour(currentcol#,17,2) ;draw grid DrawGrid screenxmid-pl\x,screenymid-pl\y , screenx/4,screeny/4 , screenx,screeny EndIf Gosub update_debris_m Gosub update_debris_s Gosub update_exhaust Gosub update_particles Gosub update_bullets Gosub update_trails Gosub update_bombs Gosub update_npc Gosub update_player Gosub update_explosion Gosub update_radar Flip Wend End ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_player sh.ship=pl\ship wg.weap_gun=sh\weap_gun wb.weap_bmb=sh\weap_bmb Turn=KeyDown(pl\key_right)-KeyDown(pl\key_left) ;determine turn direction pl\angle#=pl\angle#+sh\turnspeed#TurnFL\SpeedFactor ;apply rotation If pl\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow pl\angle#=0 ElseIf pl\angle#<0 pl\angle#=359 EndIf Const maxthrust = 15 If KeyDown( pl\key_up ) ;thrust forward pl\thrust = pl\thrust + 1 FL\SpeedFactor ElseIf KeyDown( pl\key_down) ;thrust backward pl\thrust = pl\thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else ;no thrust pl\thrust = pl\thrust - Sgn(pl\thrust) * FL\SpeedFactor End If pl\thrust = CapFloat( pl\thrust , -maxthrust, maxthrust ) ;accelerate ship based on angle speedx# = sh\accel * pl\thrust * Sin( pl\angle ) / maxthrust speedy# = sh\accel * pl\thrust * Cos( pl\angle ) / maxthrust ; add speedX and speedY to ship velocities pl\s = pl\s + speedx# pl\t = pl\t - speedy# ; circular speed limiter ship_speed# = VectorDistance( pl\s,pl\t ) If ship_speed > sh\topspeed ship_speed = sh\topspeed ship_heading# = VectorAngle( pl\s,pl\t ) pl\s = VectorX( ship_speed,ship_heading ) pl\t = VectorY( ship_speed,ship_heading ) End If ;apply velocity to player position pl\x#=pl\x#+pl\s#FL\SpeedFactor# pl\y#=pl\y#+pl\t#FL\SpeedFactor# ;calculate 'roll' aV#=ATan2(pl\s#,-pl\t#) difference=AngleDifference(pl\angle#,aV#) pl\roll#=Sin(difference)5pl\thrust/maxthrust If KeyDown(41) ; backquote (debug) Color 255,192,128 Text 0,screeny-25 , "[Player] "+pl\angle EndIf ;firing logic If KeyDown(pl\key_fireA) And sh\weap_gun<>Null And pl\reload_gun=0 ;guns bu.bullet=New bullet bu\gun=wg bu\frame#=wg\frame bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 bu\x#=pl\x#+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\y#=pl\y#-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bu\life_t=MilliSecs() bu\freq=pl\freq pl\ammo=pl\ammo-1 If pl\ammo>wg\ammo/2 ;set ammo meter bar color (hlthbar is a bit misleading, sorry) pl\hlthbar_y=4 ElseIf pl\ammo>wg\ammo/4 pl\hlthbar_y=5 Else pl\hlthbar_y=6 EndIf pl\reload_gun=MilliSecs() ElseIf KeyDown(pl\key_fireB) And sh\weap_bmb<>Null And pl\bombs<>0 And pl\reload_bmb=0 ;bombs xp.explosion=New explosion ;bomb flash xp\img=bombflsh xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\frame_end=5 bm.bomb=New bomb bm\bmb=wb bm\frame#=wb\frame bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 bm\x#=pl\x#+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\y#=pl\y#-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bm\life_t=MilliSecs() bm\freq=pl\freq pl\bombs=pl\bombs-1 pl\reload_bmb=MilliSecs() pl\s#=pl\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;recoil pl\t#=pl\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) EndIf ;exhaust flames If Int(pl\thrust)<>0 And pl\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ;angle=175+Floor(pl\angle#) ;If angle>359 Then angle=angle-360 ex\x=screenxmid+pl\x#+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+pl\y#-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\s#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - pl\s ex\t#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + pl\t ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ;angle=angle+22 ;If angle>359 Then angle=angle-360 ex\x=screenxmid+pl\x#+15Sin(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+pl\y#-15Cos(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\s#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - pl\s ex\t#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + pl\t ex\frame=0 pl\exhaust_t=5 Else pl\exhaust_t=pl\exhaust_t-1(pl\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf If pl\ammo=0 Then ;reload guns If MilliSecs()>pl\reload_gun#+wg\reload pl\reload_gun=0 pl\ammo=wg\ammo pl\hlthbar_y=4 EndIf ElseIf pl\reload_gun<>0 Then If MilliSecs()>pl\reload_gun+wg\rof Then pl\reload_gun=0 EndIf If pl\reload_bmb<>0 Then ;reload bombs If MilliSecs()>pl\reload_bmb+wb\rof Then pl\reload_bmb=0 EndIf If pl\shield<sh\shield Then ;recharge shields pl\count_recharge=pl\count_recharge+1 If pl\count_recharge>=sh\shl_recharge Then pl\shield=pl\shield+1 pl\count_recharge=0 EndIf EndIf DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid,screenymid,200+Floor(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#) If KeyDown(41) ; backquote (debug) x=screenxmid y=screenymid Color 0,255,255 Oval x-18,y-18 , 36,36 , False Color 255,255,0 Line x,y , x+pl\s10,y+pl\t10 EndIf ;stat display DrawImage disp,screenx-84,5 For char=Len(pl\shield) To 1 Step -1 ;remaining shield img=Asc(Mid$(pl\shield,char,1)) DrawImage engyfont,screenx-30-Len(pl\shield)16+char16,0,img-48 Next For char=Len(pl\hp) To 1 Step -1 ;remaining hp img=Asc(Mid$(pl\hp,char,1)) DrawImage ledfont,screenx-19-Len(pl\hp)7+char7,34,img-48 Next killer$=Str$(capint(pl\kills,99)) For char=Len(killer) To 1 Step -1 ;kills img=Asc(Mid$(killer,char,1)) DrawImage ledfont,screenx-19-Len(killer)7+char7,45,img-48 Next bummer$=Str$(capint(pl\deaths,99)) For char=Len(bummer) To 1 Step -1 ;deaths img=Asc(Mid$(bummer,char,1)) DrawImage ledfont,screenx-40-Len(bummer)7+char7,45,img-48 Next ;healthbar (=ammo meter bar) display Color colour(0,4,0),colour(0,4,1),colour(0,4,2) ;token strip Rect screenxmid+27,9,screenx/6,2,False pl\hlthbar_x=pl\hlthbar_x+.4FL\SpeedFactor ;actual meter bar If pl\hlthbar_x>13 Then pl\hlthbar_x=0 If pl\ammo=0 Then Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,((MilliSecs()-pl\reload_gun)/wg\reload)(screenx/6),6,True Else Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,(pl\ammo/wg\ammo)(screenx/6),6,True EndIf DrawImage hlthbar,screenxmid-40,0,(pl\reload_gun=0) ;energy bar image ;weapon icons If sh\weap_gun<>Null Then DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-32,wg\icon ;gun If sh\weap_bmb<>Null And pl\bombs<>0 Then ;bomb (+ammo) DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-8,wb\icon DrawBlock icondoor,screenx-34,screenymid,CapInt(pl\bombs, 10) EndIf Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_exhaust For ex.exhaust=Each exhaust DrawImage exhaust,ex\x-pl\x#,ex\y-pl\y#,ex\frame# ex\frame#=ex\frame#+1.8FL\SpeedFactor# ex\x=ex\x-ex\s#FL\SpeedFactor ex\y=ex\y+ex\t#FL\SpeedFactor If ex\frame#>18 Then Delete ex Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- Const maxdist = screenx/4 .update_npc For np.npc=Each npc sh.ship=np\ship wg.weap_gun=sh\weap_gun wb.weap_bmb=sh\weap_bmb Local target_angle# = InterceptAngle( np\x#,np\y# , np\s#,np\t# , pl\x#,pl\y# , pl\s#,pl\t# , wb\speed + VectorDistance(np\s,np\t) ) Local nofire=False If target_angle = Unreachable ; use direct target_angle = VectorAngle( pl\x-np\x,pl\y-np\y ) EndIf If KeyDown(41) ; backquote (debug) Color 224,224,128 Text 0,screeny-15,"[AI] "+target_angle+" - "+np\angle+" - "+dist+" ("+maxdist+")" nofire=True EndIf ; * turn to match predicted player-hit-angle ; use 'angle difference' to prevent npc from turning a near-full 360 sometimes turn_dir = Sgn( AngleDifference( target_angle , np\angle ) ) np\angle# = np\angle# + turn_dir * sh\turnspeed# * FL\SpeedFactor If np\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow np\angle#=0 ElseIf np\angle#<0 np\angle#=359 EndIf dist = VectorDistance( np\x-pl\x,np\y-pl\y ) If dist >= maxdist ;Or True np\thrust = np\thrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else np\thrust = np\thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor EndIf np\thrust = CapFloat( np\thrust , -maxthrust ,maxthrust ) speedx# = sh\accel * np\thrust * Sin( np\angle ) / maxthrust speedy# = sh\accel * np\thrust * Cos( np\angle ) / maxthrust ; speedX and speedY np\s = np\s + speedx# np\t = np\t - speedy# ; circular limiter ship_speed# = VectorDistance( np\s,np\t ) If ship_speed > sh\topspeed ship_speed = sh\topspeed ship_heading# = VectorAngle( np\s,np\t ) np\s = VectorX( ship_speed,ship_heading ) np\t = VectorY( ship_speed,ship_heading ) End If np\x#=np\x#+np\s#FL\SpeedFactor# ;apply velocity to player position np\y#=np\y#+np\t#FL\SpeedFactor# aV#=ATan2(np\s#,-np\t#) difference=AngleDifference(np\angle#,aV#) np\roll#=Sin(difference)5np\thrust/maxthrust ;firing logic If nofire=False Then If sh\weap_bmb<>Null And np\reload_bmb=0 And Abs(target_angle#-np\angle#)<.1 Then np\reload_bmb=MilliSecs() xp.explosion=New explosion ;muzzle flash xp\img=bombflsh xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) xp\frame_end=5 bm.bomb=New bomb bm\bmb=wb bm\frame#=wb\frame bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 bm\x#=np\x#+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) bm\y#=np\y#-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# bm\life_t=np\reload_bmb bm\freq=np\freq ;np\bombs=np\bombs-1 np\s#=np\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ;recoil np\t#=np\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) EndIf If sh\weap_gun<>Null And np\reload_gun=0 And Abs(target_angle#-np\angle#)<1 Then np\reload_gun=MilliSecs() bu.bullet=New bullet bu\gun=wg bu\frame#=wg\frame bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 bu\x#=np\x#+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) bu\y#=np\y#-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# bu\life_t=np\reload_gun bu\freq=np\freq np\ammo=np\ammo-1 EndIf EndIf If Int(np\thrust)<>0 And np\exhaust_t=0 calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#+15Sin(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-15Cos(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\s#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - np\s ex\t#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + np\t ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#+15Sin(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-15Cos(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\s#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - np\s ex\t#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + np\t ex\frame=0 np\exhaust_t=5 Else np\exhaust_t=np\exhaust_t-1(np\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf If np\ammo=0 Then ;reload guns If MilliSecs()>np\reload_gun#+wg\reload np\reload_gun=0 np\ammo=wg\ammo EndIf ElseIf np\reload_gun<>0 Then If MilliSecs()>np\reload_gun+wg\rof Then np\reload_gun=0 EndIf If np\reload_bmb<>0 Then ;reload bombs If MilliSecs()>np\reload_bmb+wb\rof Then np\reload_bmb=0 EndIf If np\shield<sh\shield Then np\count_recharge=np\count_recharge+1 If np\count_recharge>=sh\shl_recharge Then np\shield=np\shield+1 np\count_recharge=0 EndIf EndIf If ImageRectOverlap(sh\img,screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#) If KeyDown(41) ; backquote (debug) x=screenxmid+np\x-pl\x y=screenymid+np\y-pl\y Color 0,255,255 Oval x-18,y-18 , 36,36 , False Color 255,255,0 Line x,y , x+np\s10,y+np\t10 End If EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_particles For pa.particle=Each particle Color colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,0),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,1),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,2) Rect screenxmid+pa\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+pa\y#-pl\y#,1,1 pa\col_x=pa\col_x+1FL\SpeedFactor If pa\col_x>13 Then Delete pa ;13 pixels limit for particles color Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bullets For bu.bullet=Each bullet wg.weap_gun=bu\gun bu\x#=bu\x#+bu\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bu\y#=bu\y#+bu\t#FL\SpeedFactor# For np.npc=Each npc sh.ship=np\ship If np\freq<>bu\freq And ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,sh\img,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-wg\dmg If np\shield<0 Then np\hp=np\hp+np\shield np\shield=0 If np\hp<=0 Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x# dm\y#=screenymid+np\y# dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x# xp\y#=screenymid+np\y# xp\frame_end=7 np\x=Rand(0,100) ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\y=Rand(0,100) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,359) np\shield=1000 np\hp=800 pl\kills=pl\kills+1 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf Next If ImageRectOverlap(bullet1,screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen ;For pl.player=Each player ;and only check for player if on screen too If pl\freq<>bu\freq And ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,ship_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-wg\dmg If pl\shield<0 Then pl\hp=pl\hp+pl\shield pl\shield=0 If pl\hp<=0 Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y# dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y# xp\frame_end=7 pl\x#=player_startx pl\y#=player_starty pl\shield=1500 pl\deaths=pl\deaths+1 pl\hp=800 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf ;Next DrawImage bullet1,screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,bu\frame# If bu\particle_t=0 ;release particle trail pa.particle=New particle pa\x#=bu\x# pa\y#=bu\y# pa\col_x=0 pa\col_y=wg\trail bu\particle_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bu\particle_t=bu\particle_t-1 EndIf bu\frame#=bu\frame#+.1FL\SpeedFactor# ;advance bullet frame If bu\frame#>bu\frame_end Then bu\frame#=bu\frame_end-3 EndIf If MilliSecs()-bu\life_t>wg\life Then Delete bu .stop_bullet Next Return .update_trails For tr.trail=Each trail DrawImage trail,screenxmid+tr\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+tr\y#-pl\y#,tr\frame# tr\frame#=tr\frame+1FL\SpeedFactor# If tr\frame#>tr\frame_end Then Delete tr Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bombs For bm.bomb=Each bomb wb.weap_bmb=bm\bmb bm\x#=bm\x#+bm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bm\y#=bm\y#+bm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# For np.npc=Each npc If bm\freq<>np\freq And ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,ship_jv,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-wb\dmg If np\shield<0 Then np\hp=np\hp+np\shield np\shield=0 If np\hp<=0 Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x# dm\y#=screenymid+np\y# dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x# xp\y#=screenymid+np\y# xp\frame_end=7 np\x=Rand(0,100) ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\y=Rand(0,100) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,359) np\shield=1000 np\hp=1000 pl\kills=pl\kills+1 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf Next If ImageRectOverlap(bombs,screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen ;For pl.player=Each player If pl\freq<>bm\freq And ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,ship_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-wb\dmg If pl\shield<0 Then pl\hp=pl\hp+pl\shield pl\shield=0 If pl\hp<=0 Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y# dm\s#=2table_sin(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#) dm\t#=2table_cos(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y# xp\frame_end=7 pl\x#=350 pl\y#=250 pl\shield=1500 pl\deaths=pl\deaths+1 pl\hp=800 Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf ;Next DrawImage bombs,screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,bm\frame# If bm\trail_t=0 tr.trail=New trail tr\x#=bm\x# tr\y#=bm\y# tr\frame#=wb\trail tr\frame_end=wb\trail+7 bm\trail_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bm\trail_t=bm\trail_t-1 EndIf bm\frame#=bm\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If bm\frame#>bm\frame_end Then bm\frame#=bm\frame_end-9 EndIf If MilliSecs()-bm\life_t>wb\life Then Delete bm .stop_bomb Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_m ;moving junk For dm.debris_m=Each debris_m If ImageRectOverlap(dm\img,dm\x#-pl\x#,dm\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) Then DrawImage dm\img,dm\x#-pl\x#,dm\y#-pl\y#,dm\frame# dm\frame#=dm\frame#+((Abs(dm\s#)+Abs(dm\t#))/8)FL\SpeedFactor# If dm\frame#>dm\frame_end Then dm\frame#=dm\frame_end-9 EndIf dm\x#=dm\x#+dm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\y#=dm\y#-dm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\s#=dm\s#-Sgn(dm\s#)/150 dm\t#=dm\t#-Sgn(dm\t#)/150 If Abs(dm\s#+dm\t#)<0.1 ds.debris_s=New debris_s ds\img=dm\img ds\x#=dm\x# ds\y#=dm\y# ds\frame#=dm\frame# ds\frame_end=dm\frame_end Delete dm EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_s ;still junk For ds.debris_s=Each debris_s If ImageRectOverlap(ds\img,ds\x#-pl\x#,ds\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) Then DrawImage ds\img,ds\x#-pl\x#,ds\y#-pl\y#,ds\frame# ds\frame#=ds\frame#+.02FL\SpeedFactor# If ds\frame#>ds\frame_end Then ds\frame#=ds\frame_end-9 EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_explosion For xp.explosion=Each explosion DrawImage xp\img,xp\x#-pl\x#,xp\y#-pl\y#,xp\frame# xp\frame#=xp\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If xp\frame#>xp\frame_end Then Delete xp Next Return .update_radar xmod=screenx-radarsize-8 ymod=screeny-radarsize-8 Color colour(currentcol,16,0),colour(currentcol,16,1),colour(currentcol,16,2) ;radar background Rect screenx-radarsize-8,screeny-radarsize-8,radarsize,radarsize,True Color colour(currentcol,1,0),colour(currentcol,1,1),colour(currentcol,1,2) ;radar border1 Rect screenx-radarsize-9,screeny-radarsize-9,radarsize+2,radarsize+2,False Color colour(currentcol,2,0),colour(currentcol,2,1),colour(currentcol,2,2) ;radar border2 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-10,radarsize+4,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,3,0),colour(currentcol,3,1),colour(currentcol,3,2) ;radar border3 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-11,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-6,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-11,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Rect screenx-6,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,28,0),colour(currentcol,28,1),colour(currentcol,28,2) ;player Rect xmod+radarsize/2,ymod+radarsize/2,2,2,False For np.npc=Each npc If RectsOverlap(np\x#,np\y#,36,36,pl\x#-radarrange/2,pl\y#-radarrange/2,radarrange,radarrange) Color colour(currentcol,34,0),colour(currentcol,34,1),colour(currentcol,34,2) Rect xmod+radarsize/2+(np\x#-pl\x#)/(radarrange/radarsize),ymod+radarsize/2+(np\y#-pl\y#)/(radarrange/radarsize),2,2,False EndIf Next Return Const unreachable=-1001 Function InterceptAngle( ex#,ey# , evx#,evy# , px#,py# , pvx#,pvy# , bs# , maxtime=0 ) ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------;----------------------------------- ; Find projectile intercept angle from Source (Enemy) to Target (Player) ; Algorithm: Eelco <eelco_hoogendoorn@hotmail.com> ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------; Wrapper: Teasy <thechange@yahoo.com> ; Parameters ; Source: INTER~29.BB ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; (ex,ey) Enemy position ; evx & evy Enemy velocity vector ; (px,py) Player position ; pvx & pvy Player velocity vector ; bs Bullet speed ; maxradius Radius for the player to be in (now or future), 0 = no limit ; maxtime Only shoot if (future) time of impact is below this amount ; (0 = no limit) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Make player motion relative to enemy motion ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local es# = Sqr( evxevx + evyevy ) Local ea# = ATan2( evy,evx ) ; Local ps# = Sqr( pvxpvx + pvypvy ) Local pa# = ATan2( pvy,pvx ) ; Local rpvx#=pvx-evx ; Relative player velocity Local rpvy#=pvy-evy ; (Cart vector) ; ps=Sqr( rpvxrpvx + rpvyrpvy ) ; Relative player motion (polar) vector pa=ATan2( -rpvy,rpvx ) ; Warning: overrides ps,pa ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Relative distance to player from enemy ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local rx#=px-ex ; Relative player-enemy distance Local ry#=py-ey ; (Cart vector) ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player must be moving ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; If Abs( ps )>=0.000001 ; If player speed is more than a little ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Find where player will be, using player motion and bullet speed ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : Local a#=ATan2( ey-py,ex-px ) ; Angle player->enemy Local n#=Sin( -pa-a )/bsps ; Angle relative to player, speed scaled ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player path must be within range for bullet to hit ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : If n>=-1 And n<=1 ; Can bullet ever hit player? ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; New bullet motion for impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local ba#=180+ASin( n )-a ; Rotated angle back to enemy ; : ; Local bvx#=Cos( ba )bs ; New bullet velocity (cart) vector Local bvy#=-Sin( ba )bs ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; See when the bullet will impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local d#=bvypvx - bvxpvy ; Intersection ; : ; If Abs( d )>=0.000001 ; Avoid infinitely small Local t#=( bvxry - bvyrx )/d ; Time of intersection ; : ; \| If Not ( maxtime>0 And t>=maxtime Or t<0 ) ; Time must be in future but not too far Return VectorAngle( bvx,bvy ) ; Convert back to: Up = 0 degrees EndIf ; : ; \| EndIf ; : ; EndIf EndIf ; Return unreachable End Function ; polar & cartesian coordinate conversion routines Function VectorX# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle ) * Distance End Function Function VectorY# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle - 90 ) * Distance End Function Function VectorDistance# ( X# , Y# ) Return Sqr ( X * X + Y * Y ) End Function Function VectorAngle# ( X# , Y# ) Return -ATan2 ( X , Y ) + 180 End Function ; return relative angle difference (takes angle wrapping into account) ; - max angle difference: 359 degrees Function AngleDifference( CurrentAngle , TargetAngle ) If TargetAngle - CurrentAngle > 180 Then TargetAngle = TargetAngle - 360 If CurrentAngle - TargetAngle > 180 Then CurrentAngle = CurrentAngle - 360 Return CurrentAngle - TargetAngle End Function Function CapFloat#( Value# , Min#,Max# ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function CapInt( Value, Max ) If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function DrawGrid( x,y , w,h , ww,wh ) Local px = x Mod w Repeat Rect px,0 , 1,wh px = px + w Until px >= ww Local py = y Mod h Repeat Rect 0,py , ww,1 py = py + h Until py >= wh End Function --v edit: you'll need an additional image for this newest version. Title Download it and extract it to GFX\Game\Fx\ folder
Thu, 21 Oct 2010, 21:46
Teasy	Nice! Well, at first I thought you were planning on using the Target field (of the enemy) for storing any type of target, rather than just the player or a ship I've used some things like this in my Terra Colony game Both for abstraction and virtual polymorphism I guess abstraction is the most common form, used to create a virtual 'barrier' between the outer and inner workings of, say, a library or section of a program, supposedly to make it easier or clearer In the following program I've outlined abstraction as if it were a re-creation of some Blitz functions ; this program shows ; - library-style object/type abstraction ; - (virtual) function overloading (overriding) ; note: the % means Integer :) ; which is optional in Blitz ^^ ; but i've used it here ; to indicate a (custom) handle. Type IMAGE Field width,height Field pixels ; handle of bank with pixels End Type Function CreateImage%( width,height ) Local image.IMAGE image = New IMAGE image\width = width image\height = height image\pixels = CreateBank( widthheight ) Return Handle image End Function Function FreeImage( imagehandle% ) Local image.IMAGE image = Object.IMAGE imagehandle If image <> Null FreeBank image\pixels Delete image Return True End If End Function --v The next program shows both polymorphism and abstraction, in a way similar to what i thought you originally intended in your program ; unique 'target' types Type ASTEROID Field x#,y# End Type Global NumAsteroids Type PLANET Field x#,y# End Type Global NumPlanets Type SHIP Field x#,y# End Type Global NumShips ;--- Type PLAYER Field name$ Field craft.SHIP End Type ; an enemy would chase ; any kind of target Type ENEMY Field name$ Field craft.SHIP Field target ; handle to unknown type End Type ;--- Function SetEnemyTarget( enemy.ENEMY , target ) enemy\target = target End Function ; update an enemy's position ; by chasing its target ; obtained from a typecast ; - example of (virtual) type polymorphism Function UpdateEnemy( enemy.ENEMY ) Local x#,y# ; * 'typecast' the unknown target type (handle) ; until finding a valid object Local asteroid.ASTEROID = Object.ASTEROID( enemy\target ) Local planet.PLANET = Object.PLANET( enemy\target ) Local ship.SHIP = Object.SHIP( enemy\target ) ; target is an asteroid If asteroid <> Null x = asteroid\x y = asteroid\y ; target is a planet ElseIf planet <> Null x = planet\x y = planet\y ; target is a ship ElseIf ship <> Null x = ship\x y = ship\y End If ; simply chase target, J'Ordos style notation ^^ enemy\craft\x = enemy\craft\x + ( enemy\craft\x < x ) enemy\craft\y = enemy\craft\y + ( enemy\craft\y < y ) End Function ; * select a random target ; from any of 3 different types ; and return it as an integer handle ; - example of object abstraction Function GetRandomTarget() Local which Local num ; random object type ; - assumption: there's always 1 object of every type Select Rand( 1,3 ) Case 1 ; select random asteroid Local asteroid.ASTEROID which = Rand( 1,NumAsteroids ) For asteroid = Each ASTEROID num = num + 1 If num = which Return Handle asteroid End If Next Case 2 ; select random planet Local planet.PLANET which = Rand( 1,NumPlanets ) For planet = Each PLANET num = num + 1 If num = which Return Handle planet End If Next Case 3 ; select random ship Local ship.SHIP which = Rand( 1,NumShips ) For ship = Each SHIP num = num + 1 If num = which Return Handle ship End If Next End Select End Function Function SetRandomEnemyTarget( enemy.ENEMY ) enemy\target = GetRandomTarget() End Function --v Some more (background) information about Object and Handle in an old tutorial on a mirror of the BlitzCoder's Code Database. And at the bottom of this page. Note that you can omit the braces in Blitz typecasts completely, just like the type identifier (%$#.) after initial declaration. Rounded# = Int Pi Zebra$ = Str 101010 hWnd% = Handle pWnd MyPointer = Object.MYTYPE MyHandle --v I've been playing with your program/game a bit again; Great stuff Here's a list I've made of, again, a bunch of stuff I've changed - fixed 'phantomthrust' - simple range check to zero - added more debugging values and changed type - particularly relating to motion and aim (!) - added ability to disable enemy fire separately - for debug - added speedtime 'correction' in call to interceptangle which greatly improves accuracy - added an interval to check for intercept to decrease cpu usage - added a small delay for multicore systems time/os optimization - made enemy visible always - in debug mode - maybe some more small changes - increased (doubled) sin/cos table range to allow for additive use; - sin_table[ 170+angle ] - replaced some more direct sin/cos use by sintables ^^ which decreases the accuracy a lot, but makes all visuals faithful to the ship rotation/image - made angle 'flipping' accurate, using a RangeFloat function - added new enemy field for keeping track of 'active' target angle - for projectile intercept prediction now using average speed between bullet and bomb - replaced some 'Abs' with 'AngleDifference' - bugfix and increased precision of AngleDifference - restored original CapInt, and added new CapIntMin - which i used for limiting health for visual frames renamed modified version to CapIntMax - modified some millisecs() timing for illustration of bug-fixing a flipped Millisecs() value - temporarilly lowered NPC turning speed to 1 - default 3 to illustrate its accuracy (!) btw, all the Floor stuff can be removed inside for example the: - table_sin( Floor( obj\angle# ) ) because an arrays' index supports only integers anyway and Blitz automatically converts Floats into Integers (as well as many other automatic variable type conversions). some more significant improvements than stuff like Gosub etc are things like algorithms or the design of the program. for example many calls to MilliSecs() can slow the program down significantly, so i usually use a MilliSecs variable and refresh it once per frame, then use that variable for all of the time calculations. for example: Global Millisecs = Millisecs() Seedrnd Millisecs Repeat Millisecs = Millisecs() .. Forever --v Well, I hope you'll find some (new) things in here that's to your liking I may have forgotten to mention something, but I guess you'll find out soon enough ^^ AppTitle "SpaceWars 4" Const screenx=640 Const screeny=480 Const screenxmid=screenx/2-18 Const screenymid=screeny/2-18 Graphics screenx,screeny,0,3 ;SetFont LoadFont( "Small Fonts" , 11 ) SetFont LoadFont( "Tahoma" , 17 , True ) AutoMidHandle True ;'game' gfx ship_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\wbroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) ship_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\jvroll.bmp",36,36,0,440) junk_wb=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkwb.bmp",16,16,0,90) junk_jv=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ships\SideA\junkjv.bmp",16,16,0,90) exhaust=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Exhaust.bmp",16,16,0,38) bullet1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bullets.bmp",5,5,0,40) bombs=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\bombs.bmp",16,16,0,130) trail=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\trail.bmp",16,16,0,50) bombflsh=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\Bombflsh.bmp",8,8,0,6) explode0=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X0.bmp",16,16,0,7) explode0_s=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X0_S.bmp",16,16,0,7) explode1=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Fx\X1.bmp",128,64,0,8) AutoMidHandle False ;UI gfx icons=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icons.bmp",26,24,0,54) icondoor=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\Icondoor.bmp",11,13,0,24) hlthbar=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\hlthbar.bmp",116,28,0,2) disp=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\disp.bmp") engyfont=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\engyfont.bmp",16,24,0,10) ledfont=LoadAnimImage("GFX\Game\Ui\led.bmp",7,10,0,10) Const max_misc=14 Const max_star=7 Dim bg_misc(13) For bg=1 To max_misc bg_misc(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Bg\bg"+bg+".bmp") Next Dim bg_star(6) For bg=1 To max_star bg_star(bg-1)=LoadImage("GFX\Game\BG\star"+bg+".bmp") Next Const radarsize=screenx/8 Const radarrange=2000 ;Dim table_sin#(359) ;precalc sin&cos tables at 9 degrees intervals ;Dim table_cos#(359) ;For a=0 To 359 ; table_sin(a)=Sin(Floor(a/9)9) ; table_cos(a)=Cos(Floor(a/9)9) ;Next Const sincostablesize=3602 Dim table_sin#(sincostablesize) ;precalc sin&cos tables at 9 degrees intervals Dim table_cos#(sincostablesize) For a=0 To sincostablesize table_sin(a)=Sin(Floor(a/9)9) table_cos(a)=Cos(Floor(a/9)9) ;table_sin(a)=Sin(a) ;table_cos(a)=Cos(a) ;DebugLog a+": "+table_sin(a) Next ;WaitKey ;End ; accurate sin/cos tables (non-interleaved) Dim table_sinA#(sincostablesize) Dim table_cosA#(sincostablesize) For a=0 To sincostablesize table_sin(a)=Sin(a) table_cos(a)=Cos(a) Next currentcol#=0 ;read various UI & system colors from colors.bmp Dim colour(127,39,2) colors=LoadImage("GFX\Game\Ui\colors.bmp") SetBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) LockBuffer ImageBuffer(colors) For x=0 To 127 For y=0 To 39 pixel=ReadPixelFast(x,y) colour(x,y,0)=(pixel Shr 16) And $ff ;red colour(x,y,1)=(pixel Shr 8) And $ff ;green colour(x,y,2)=pixel And $ff ;blue Next Next UnlockBuffer() FreeImage colors Function SetColorXY( x,y ) Color colour(x,y,0),colour(x,y,1),colour(x,y,2) End Function ;game types Type player Field ship.ship Field x#,y#,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,thrust#,exhaust_t Field hp,shield,ammo#,reload_gun#,bombs,reload_bmb,freq Field hlthbar_x#,hlthbar_y Field key_left,key_right,key_up,key_down,key_fireA,key_fireB Field count_recharge Field kills,deaths End Type Type npc Field ship.ship Field x#,y#,s#,t#,angle#,roll#,thrust#,exhaust_t Field hp,shield,ammo,reload_gun,bombs,reload_bmb,freq Field target,target_angle# Field count_recharge End Type Type exhaust Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame# End Type Type bullet Field gun.weap_gun Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,particle_t,freq,life_t End Type Type particle Field x#,y#,col_x#,col_y End Type Type bomb Field bmb.weap_bmb Field x#,y#,s#,t#,frame#,frame_end,trail_t,freq,life_t End Type Type trail Field x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type explosion Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type debris_m Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end,s#,t# End Type Type debris_s Field img,x#,y#,frame#,frame_end End Type Type FrameRate Field TargetFPS#,SpeedFactor# Field FPS# Field CurrentTicks Field FrameDelay End Type ;data types Type ship Field weap_gun.weap_gun,weap_bmb.weap_bmb Field img,junk,accel#,topspeed#,turnspeed#,hp,shl_recharge,shield End Type Type weap_gun Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,multi,ammo,rof,reload,trail End Type Type weap_bmb Field frame,dmg,speed,life,icon,proxy,recoil,rof,trail End Type Global FL.FrameRate=New FrameRate FL\TargetFPS#=35 FL\FrameDelay=MilliSecs() Local wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=8 ;bullet image wg\dmg=2000 ;damage wg\speed=12 ;speed wg\life=9000 ;projectile life wg\icon=2 ;UI Icon wg\multi=False ;multifire mode wg\ammo=1 ;max ammo wg\rof=1000 ;rate of fire between shots wg\reload=2000 ;reload time when ammo is depleted wg\trail=9 ;particle trail color Y index from color array Local wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=4000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=18 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 wb\rof=1000 wb\trail=0 Local sh.ship=New ship sh\img=ship_wb sh\junk=junk_wb sh\accel#=0.05 sh\topspeed#=3 sh\turnspeed#=5 sh\weap_gun=wg sh\weap_bmb=wb sh\hp=800 sh\shield=1500 sh\shl_recharge=1 Global pl.player=New player pl\x#=350 pl\y#=250 pl\ship=sh pl\hp=sh\hp pl\shield=sh\shield pl\ammo=wg\ammo pl\hlthbar_y=4 pl\bombs=15 pl\freq=0 pl\key_left=203 pl\key_right=205 pl\key_up=200 pl\key_down=208 pl\key_fireA=29 pl\key_fireB=15 wg.weap_gun=New weap_gun wg\frame=0 wg\dmg=200 wg\speed=8 wg\life=9000 wg\icon=0 wg\multi=False wg\ammo=20 wg\rof=80 wg\reload=3500 wg\trail=7 wb.weap_bmb=New weap_bmb wb\frame=0 wb\dmg=4000 wb\speed=8 wb\life=14000 wb\icon=20 wb\proxy=False wb\recoil=1 wb\rof=2500 wb\trail=0 sh.ship=New ship sh\img=ship_jv sh\junk=junk_jv sh\accel#=0.06 sh\topspeed#=2 sh\turnspeed#=1;3 sh\weap_gun=wg sh\weap_bmb=wb sh\hp=1000 sh\shield=1000 sh\shl_recharge=2 Local np.npc=New npc ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\x=Rand(0,100) np\y=Rand(0,100) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,359) np\ship=sh np\hp=sh\hp np\shield=sh\shield np\freq=1 np\target=Handle(pl) ; unused! Local Debug=True ; toggle with tilde/backquote Local HostileEnemy=True ; toggle with '1' Local InstantTurnNPC=False ; toggle with '4' Local GodMode=False ; toggle with '5' .create_starfield SeedRnd MilliSecs() Dim backdrop(2) backdrop(0)=CreateImage(screenx2,screeny2) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(0)) Color 100,100,100 For star=0 To screeny Rect Rand(screenx2),Rand(screeny2),1,1 Next DrawBlock bg_misc(Rand(max_misc-1)),Rand(screenx),Rand(screeny) backdrop(1)=CreateImage(screenx1,screeny1) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(1)) Color 200,200,200 For star=0 To screeny/12 Rect Rand(screenx1),Rand(screeny1),1,1 Next For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx1-21),Rand(screeny1-21) Next backdrop(2)=CreateImage(screenx,screeny) SetBuffer ImageBuffer(backdrop(2)) For bg=0 To 1 DrawImage bg_star(Rand(max_star-1)),Rand(screenx-21),Rand(screeny-21) Next ;SetBuffer BackBuffer() ;Delay 500 ; interlace overlay Local interlace_screen=CreateImage(screenx,screeny) MaskImage interlace_screen , 255,0,255 Color 255,0,255 SetBuffer ImageBuffer(interlace_screen) For y=0 To screeny-1 Step 2 Rect 0,y , screenx,1 Next Const interlace_interval_normal=1000 Const interlace_interval_turbo=25 Local interlace_lasttime=MilliSecs() Local interlace_offset=0 Local interlace_enabled=True Local interlace_turbo=True Local interlace_interval=interlace_interval_turbo Local dupli_screen=CreateImage(screenx,screeny) SetBuffer BackBuffer() ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .main_battle_standard While Not KeyHit(1) FL\CurrentTicks=MilliSecs() FL\SpeedFactor=(FL\CurrentTicks - FL\FrameDelay)/(1000/FL\TargetFPS) If FL\SpeedFactor<=0 Then FL\SpeedFactor=0.00000000001 FL\FPS=FL\TargetFPS/FL\SpeedFactor FL\FrameDelay=FL\CurrentTicks ;Cls currentcol#=currentcol#+4FL\SpeedFactor ;advance current colour If currentcol#>127 Then currentcol#=0 TileBlock backdrop(0),-pl\x#/16,-pl\y#/32 ;tile scrolling background TileImage backdrop(1),7-pl\x#/8,-pl\y#/8 TileImage backdrop(2),23-pl\x#/4,-pl\y#/4 If Debug ; backquote (debug) ;Color colour(currentcol#,17,0),colour(currentcol#,17,1),colour(currentcol#,17,2) ;draw grid Color 0,128,0 DrawGrid screenxmid-pl\x,screenymid-pl\y , screenx/4,screeny/4 , screenx,screeny EndIf If KeyHit(41) ; backquote/tilde key (debug) ; toggle debug mode Debug = Not Debug End If If KeyHit(2) ; '1' (enemyfire) ; toggle enemy firing HostileEnemy = Not HostileEnemy End If If KeyHit(3) ; '2' (interlace) ; toggle (doubled) interlaced mode interlace_enabled = Not interlace_enabled End If If KeyHit(4) ; '3' (interlace interval) ; toggle slow/faster interlace refresh interlace_turbo = Not interlace_turbo Select interlace_turbo Case False interlace_interval = interlace_interval_normal Case True interlace_interval = interlace_interval_turbo End Select End If If KeyHit(5) ; '4' (fast npc turning) InstantTurnNPC = Not InstantTurnNPC End If If KeyHit(6) ; '5' (invincibility) GodMode = Not GodMode End If Gosub update_debris_m Gosub update_debris_s Gosub update_exhaust Gosub update_particles Gosub update_bullets Gosub update_trails Gosub update_bombs Gosub update_npc Gosub update_player Gosub update_explosion Gosub update_radar Color 0,192,64 Text 0,0 , "Hostile enemies: "+Mid( "FalseTrue" , 1+HostileEnemy5 , 5 )+" <1>" Text 0,15 , "Debug mode: "+Mid( "FalseTrue" , 1+Debug5 , 5 )+" <~>" Text 0,30 , "Interlacing: "+Mid( "FalseTrue" , 1+interlace_enabled5 , 5 )+" <2>" Text 0,45 , "Interlace mode: "+Mid( "Slow Turbo" , 1+interlace_turbo5 , 5 )+" <3>" Text 0,60 , "NPC direct aim: "+Mid( "FalseTrue" , 1+InstantTurnNPC5 , 5 )+" <4>" Text 0,75 , "God mode: "+Mid( "FalseTrue" , 1+GodMode5 , 5 )+" <5>" If interlace_enabled ; update and draw interlace overlay If FL\CurrentTicks - interlace_lasttime >= interlace_interval interlace_lasttime = FL\CurrentTicks interlace_offset = Not interlace_offset End If DrawImage interlace_screen , 0,interlace_offset ; shadow interlace mirror SetBuffer ImageBuffer( dupli_screen ) Cls SetBuffer BackBuffer() CopyRect 0,0 , screenx,screeny , 0,0 , BackBuffer(),ImageBuffer( dupli_screen ) ;DrawImage dupli_screen , Rand(-1,1),1 DrawImage dupli_screen , 0,1 End If Flip Delay 1 ; lowers cpu usage on multicore systems Wend End ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_player sh.ship=pl\ship wg.weap_gun=sh\weap_gun wb.weap_bmb=sh\weap_bmb Turn=KeyDown(pl\key_right)-KeyDown(pl\key_left) ;determine turn direction pl\angle#=pl\angle#+sh\turnspeed#TurnFL\SpeedFactor ;apply rotation ;If pl\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow ; pl\angle#=0 ;ElseIf pl\angle#<0 ; pl\angle#=359 ;EndIf pl\angle = RangeFloat( pl\angle , 360 ) Const maxthrust = 15 If KeyDown( pl\key_up ) ;thrust forward pl\thrust = pl\thrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor ElseIf KeyDown( pl\key_down) ;thrust backward pl\thrust = pl\thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else ;no thrust If pl\thrust > -1 * FL\SpeedFactor And pl\thrust < 1 * FL\SpeedFactor pl\thrust = 0 Else pl\thrust = pl\thrust - Sgn(pl\thrust) * FL\SpeedFactor End If End If pl\thrust = CapFloat( pl\thrust , -maxthrust, maxthrust ) ;accelerate ship based on angle ;speedx# = sh\accel * pl\thrust * Sin( pl\angle ) / maxthrust ;speedy# = sh\accel * pl\thrust * Cos( pl\angle ) / maxthrust speedx# = sh\accel * pl\thrust * table_sin( pl\angle ) / maxthrust speedy# = sh\accel * pl\thrust * table_cos( pl\angle ) / maxthrust ; add speedX and speedY to ship velocities pl\s = pl\s + speedx# pl\t = pl\t - speedy# ; circular speed limiter ship_speed# = VectorDistance( pl\s,pl\t ) If ship_speed > sh\topspeed ship_speed = sh\topspeed ship_heading# = VectorAngle( pl\s,pl\t ) pl\s = VectorX( ship_speed,ship_heading ) pl\t = VectorY( ship_speed,ship_heading ) End If ;apply velocity to player position pl\x#=pl\x#+pl\s#FL\SpeedFactor# pl\y#=pl\y#+pl\t#FL\SpeedFactor# ;calculate 'roll' aV#=ATan2(pl\s#,-pl\t#) difference=AngleDifference(pl\angle#,aV#) pl\roll#=Sin(difference)5pl\thrust/maxthrust If Debug ; backquote (debug) Color 255,192,128 Text 0,screeny-35 , "[Player] "+ps(pl\angle)+" "+ps(pl\thrust) EndIf ;firing logic If KeyDown(pl\key_fireA) And sh\weap_gun<>Null And pl\reload_gun=0 ;guns bu.bullet=New bullet bu\gun=wg bu\frame#=wg\frame bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 bu\x#=pl\x#+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\y#=pl\y#-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bu\life_t=MilliSecs() bu\freq=pl\freq pl\ammo=pl\ammo-1 If pl\ammo>wg\ammo/2 ;set ammo meter bar color (hlthbar is a bit misleading, sorry) pl\hlthbar_y=4 ElseIf pl\ammo>wg\ammo/4 pl\hlthbar_y=5 Else pl\hlthbar_y=6 EndIf pl\reload_gun=MilliSecs() ElseIf KeyDown(pl\key_fireB) And sh\weap_bmb<>Null And pl\bombs<>0 And pl\reload_bmb=0 ;bombs xp.explosion=New explosion ;bomb flash xp\img=bombflsh xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x#+10+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y#+10-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) xp\frame_end=5 bm.bomb=New bomb bm\bmb=wb bm\frame#=wb\frame bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 bm\x#=pl\x#+15table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\y#=pl\y#-15table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\s# bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#))+pl\t# bm\life_t=MilliSecs() bm\freq=pl\freq pl\bombs=pl\bombs-1 pl\reload_bmb=MilliSecs() pl\s#=pl\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;recoil pl\t#=pl\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) EndIf ;exhaust flames If Int(pl\thrust)<>0 And pl\exhaust_t=0 ;calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(pl\angle#)) ;calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(pl\angle#)) calc1s#=table_sin(pl\angle) calc1c#=table_cos(pl\angle) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ;angle=175+Floor(pl\angle#) ;If angle>359 Then angle=angle-360 ;ex\x=screenxmid+pl\x#+15Sin(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ;ex\y=screenymid+pl\y#-15Cos(170+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\x=screenxmid+pl\x+15table_sin(170+pl\angle) ex\y=screenymid+pl\y-15table_cos(170+pl\angle) ex\s#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - pl\s ex\t#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + pl\t ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ;angle=angle+22 ;If angle>359 Then angle=angle-360 ;ex\x=screenxmid+pl\x#+15Sin(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ;ex\y=screenymid+pl\y#-15Cos(190+Floor(pl\angle#)) ex\x=screenxmid+pl\x+15table_sin(190+pl\angle) ex\y=screenymid+pl\y-15table_cos(190+pl\angle) ex\s#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - pl\s ex\t#=pl\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + pl\t ex\frame=0 pl\exhaust_t=5 Else pl\exhaust_t=pl\exhaust_t-1(pl\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf If pl\ammo=0 Then ;reload guns If MilliSecs()>pl\reload_gun#+wg\reload pl\reload_gun=0 pl\ammo=wg\ammo pl\hlthbar_y=4 EndIf ElseIf pl\reload_gun<>0 Then If MilliSecs()>pl\reload_gun+wg\rof Then pl\reload_gun=0 EndIf If pl\reload_bmb<>0 Then ;reload bombs If MilliSecs()>pl\reload_bmb+wb\rof Then pl\reload_bmb=0 EndIf If pl\shield<sh\shield Then ;recharge shields pl\count_recharge=pl\count_recharge+1 If pl\count_recharge>=sh\shl_recharge Then pl\shield=pl\shield+1 pl\count_recharge=0 EndIf EndIf DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid,screenymid,200+Floor(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#) If Debug ; backquote (debug) x=screenxmid y=screenymid Color 0,255,255 Oval x-18,y-18 , 36,36 , False Color 255,255,0 Line x,y , x+pl\s10,y+pl\t10 EndIf ;stat display DrawImage disp,screenx-84,5 For char=Len(pl\shield) To 1 Step -1 ;remaining shield img=Asc(Mid$(pl\shield,char,1)) DrawImage engyfont,screenx-30-Len(pl\shield)16+char16,0,img-48 Next For char=Len(pl\hp) To 1 Step -1 ;remaining hp img=Asc(Mid$(pl\hp,char,1)) DrawImage ledfont,screenx-19-Len(pl\hp)7+char7,34,img-48 Next killer$=Str$(CapIntMax(pl\kills,99)) For char=Len(killer) To 1 Step -1 ;kills img=Asc(Mid$(killer,char,1)) DrawImage ledfont,screenx-19-Len(killer)7+char7,45,img-48 Next bummer$=Str$(CapIntMax(pl\deaths,99)) For char=Len(bummer) To 1 Step -1 ;deaths img=Asc(Mid$(bummer,char,1)) DrawImage ledfont,screenx-40-Len(bummer)7+char7,45,img-48 Next ;healthbar (=ammo meter bar) display Color colour(0,4,0),colour(0,4,1),colour(0,4,2) ;token strip Rect screenxmid+27,9,screenx/6,2,False pl\hlthbar_x=pl\hlthbar_x+.4FL\SpeedFactor ;actual meter bar If pl\hlthbar_x>13 Then pl\hlthbar_x=0 If pl\ammo=0 Then Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,((MilliSecs()-pl\reload_gun)/wg\reload)(screenx/6),6,True Else Color colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,0),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,1),colour(pl\hlthbar_x,pl\hlthbar_y,2) Rect screenxmid+27,13,(pl\ammo/wg\ammo)(screenx/6),6,True EndIf DrawImage hlthbar,screenxmid-40,0,(pl\reload_gun=0) ;energy bar image ;weapon icons If sh\weap_gun<>Null Then DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-32,wg\icon ;gun If sh\weap_bmb<>Null And pl\bombs<>0 Then ;bomb (+ammo) DrawBlock icons,screenx-26,screenymid-8,wb\icon DrawBlock icondoor,screenx-34,screenymid,CapIntMax(pl\bombs, 10) EndIf Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_exhaust For ex.exhaust=Each exhaust DrawImage exhaust,ex\x-pl\x#,ex\y-pl\y#,ex\frame# ex\frame#=ex\frame#+1.8FL\SpeedFactor# ex\x=ex\x-ex\s#FL\SpeedFactor ex\y=ex\y+ex\t#FL\SpeedFactor If ex\frame#>18 Then Delete ex Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- Const maxdist = screenx/4 Local interceptcheck; = MilliSecs() - 1000 Local ms .update_npc For np.npc=Each npc sh.ship=np\ship wg.weap_gun=sh\weap_gun wb.weap_bmb=sh\weap_bmb Local nofire = Not HostileEnemy ms=MilliSecs() If ms-interceptcheck>=100 interceptcheck=ms ;Local target_angle# = InterceptAngle( np\x#,np\y# , np\s#,np\t# , pl\x#,pl\y# , pl\s#,pl\t# , wb\speed + VectorDistance(np\s,np\t) ) ; predict angle of intercept using relative velocities ; - use average speed between bomb and bullet ; - fix speed/time by delta-time 'equivalent' np\target_angle = InterceptAngle( np\x,np\y , np\s,np\t , pl\x,pl\y , pl\s,pl\t , ( wg\speed + wb\speed ) / 2. / FL\SpeedFactor ) If np\target_angle = unreachable ; use direct np\target_angle = VectorAngle( pl\x-np\x,pl\y-np\y ) EndIf End If If Debug ; backquote (debug) Color 224,224,128 Text 0,screeny-20,"[AI] "+ps(np\target_angle)+" - "+ps(np\angle)+" - "+ps(dist)+" ("+ps(maxdist)+")" ;nofire=True EndIf If Not InstantTurnNPC ; turn to match predicted player-hit-angle ; - use 'angle difference' to prevent npc ; from turning a near-full 360 sometimes turn_dir = Sgn( AngleDifference( np\target_angle , np\angle ) ) np\angle# = np\angle# + turn_dir * sh\turnspeed# * FL\SpeedFactor Else ; instantly match predicted player-hit-angle np\angle = np\target_angle End If ;If np\angle#>359 ;check angle overflow ; np\angle#=0 ;ElseIf np\angle#<0 ; np\angle#=359 ;EndIf np\angle = RangeFloat( np\angle , 360 ) dist = VectorDistance( np\x-pl\x,np\y-pl\y ) If dist >= maxdist np\thrust = np\thrust + 1 * FL\SpeedFactor Else np\thrust = np\thrust - 1 * FL\SpeedFactor EndIf np\thrust = CapFloat( np\thrust , -maxthrust ,maxthrust ) ;speedx# = sh\accel * np\thrust * Sin( np\angle ) / maxthrust ;speedy# = sh\accel * np\thrust * Cos( np\angle ) / maxthrust speedx# = sh\accel * np\thrust * table_sin( np\angle ) / maxthrust speedy# = sh\accel * np\thrust * table_cos( np\angle ) / maxthrust ; speedX and speedY np\s = np\s + speedx# np\t = np\t - speedy# ; circular limiter ship_speed# = VectorDistance( np\s,np\t ) If ship_speed > sh\topspeed ship_speed = sh\topspeed ship_heading# = VectorAngle( np\s,np\t ) np\s = VectorX( ship_speed,ship_heading ) np\t = VectorY( ship_speed,ship_heading ) End If np\x#=np\x#+np\s#FL\SpeedFactor# ;apply velocity to player position np\y#=np\y#+np\t#FL\SpeedFactor# aV#=ATan2(np\s#,-np\t#) difference=AngleDifference(np\angle#,aV#) np\roll#=Sin(difference)5np\thrust/maxthrust ;firing logic If nofire=False Then ;If sh\weap_bmb<>Null And np\reload_bmb=0 And Abs(np\target_angle#-np\angle#)<.1 Then If sh\weap_bmb<>Null And np\reload_bmb=0 And Abs( AngleDifference(np\target_angle,np\angle) ) < .1 Then np\reload_bmb=MilliSecs() xp.explosion=New explosion ;muzzle flash xp\img=bombflsh xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x#+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) xp\y#=screenymid+np\y#-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) xp\frame_end=5 bm.bomb=New bomb bm\bmb=wb bm\frame#=wb\frame bm\frame_end=wb\frame+9 bm\x#=np\x#+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) bm\y#=np\y#-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) bm\s#=wb\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# bm\t#=-wb\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# ;bm\s#=wb\speedSin(np\angle#)+np\s# ;bm\t#=-wb\speedCos(np\angle#)+np\t# bm\life_t=np\reload_bmb bm\freq=np\freq np\bombs=np\bombs-1 np\s#=np\s#-wb\recoiltable_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ;recoil np\t#=np\t#+wb\recoiltable_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) EndIf ;If sh\weap_gun<>Null And np\reload_gun=0 And Abs(np\target_angle#-np\angle#)<1 Then If sh\weap_gun<>Null And np\reload_gun=0 And Abs( AngleDifference(np\target_angle,np\angle) ) < 2 Then np\reload_gun=MilliSecs() bu.bullet=New bullet bu\gun=wg bu\frame#=wg\frame bu\frame_end=wg\frame+3 bu\x#=np\x#+15table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) bu\y#=np\y#-15table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) bu\s#=wg\speedtable_sin(Floor(np\angle#))+np\s# bu\t#=-wg\speedtable_cos(Floor(np\angle#))+np\t# ;bu\s#=wg\speedSin(np\angle#)+np\s# ;bu\t#=-wg\speedCos(np\angle#)+np\t# bu\life_t=np\reload_gun bu\freq=np\freq np\ammo=np\ammo-1 EndIf EndIf If Int(np\thrust)<>0 And np\exhaust_t=0 ;calc1s#=table_sin(Floor(np\angle#)) ;calc1c#=table_cos(Floor(np\angle#)) calc1s#=table_sin(np\angle#) calc1c#=table_cos(np\angle#) ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 1 ;ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#+15Sin(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ;ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-15Cos(170+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#+15table_sin(170+np\angle#) ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-15table_cos(170+np\angle#) ex\s#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - np\s ex\t#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + np\t ex\frame=0 ex.exhaust=New exhaust ;exhaust 2 ;ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#+15Sin(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ;ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-15Cos(190+Floor(np\angle#)) ex\x=screenxmid+np\x#+15table_sin(190+np\angle#) ex\y=screenymid+np\y#-15table_cos(190+np\angle#) ex\s#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1s#FL\SpeedFactor - np\s ex\t#=np\thrust/maxthrust * 8calc1c#FL\SpeedFactor + np\t ex\frame=0 np\exhaust_t=5 Else np\exhaust_t=np\exhaust_t-1(np\exhaust_t<>0) ;advance exhaust delay timer EndIf If np\ammo=0 Then ;reload guns ;If MilliSecs()>np\reload_gun#+wg\reload ; supports a flipped millisecs() value If MilliSecs() - np\reload_gun >= wg\reload np\reload_gun=0 np\ammo=wg\ammo EndIf ElseIf np\reload_gun<>0 Then ;If MilliSecs()>np\reload_gun+wg\rof Then np\reload_gun=0 ; supports a flipped millisecs() value If MilliSecs() - np\reload_gun >= wg\rof Then np\reload_gun = 0 EndIf If np\reload_bmb<>0 Then ;reload bombs ;If MilliSecs()>np\reload_bmb+wb\rof Then np\reload_bmb=0 ; supports a flipped millisecs() value If MilliSecs() - np\reload_bmb >= wb\rof Then np\reload_bmb = 0 EndIf If np\shield<sh\shield Then np\count_recharge=np\count_recharge+1 If np\count_recharge>=sh\shl_recharge Then np\shield=np\shield+1 np\count_recharge=0 EndIf EndIf If ImageRectOverlap(sh\img,screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) Or Debug ;only draw if on screen DrawImage sh\img,screenxmid+np\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+np\y#-pl\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#) If Debug ; backquote (debug) x=screenxmid+np\x-pl\x y=screenymid+np\y-pl\y ; target (player) Color 128,0,0 Line x,y , x+(pl\x-np\x),y+(pl\y-np\y) ; perfect aim (target angle + target distance) Color 255,0,0 Line x,y , x+VectorX(dist,np\target_angle),y+VectorY(dist,np\angle) ; ship angle Color 255,128,0 Line x,y , x+VectorX(36,np\angle),y+VectorY(36,np\angle) ; ship radius Color 0,255,255 Oval x-18,y-18 , 36,36 , False ; ship heading Color 255,255,0 Line x,y , x+np\s10,y+np\t10 End If EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_particles For pa.particle=Each particle Color colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,0),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,1),colour(pa\col_x,pa\col_y,2) Rect screenxmid+pa\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+pa\y#-pl\y#,1,1 pa\col_x=pa\col_x+1FL\SpeedFactor If pa\col_x>13 Then Delete pa ;13 pixels limit for particles color Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bullets For bu.bullet=Each bullet wg.weap_gun=bu\gun bu\x#=bu\x#+bu\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bu\y#=bu\y#+bu\t#FL\SpeedFactor# For np.npc=Each npc sh.ship=np\ship If np\freq<>bu\freq And ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,sh\img,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-wg\dmg If np\shield<0 Then np\hp=np\hp+np\shield np\shield=0 If np\hp<=0 Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x# dm\y#=screenymid+np\y# dm\s#=2table_sinA(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#) dm\t#=2table_cosA(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x# xp\y#=screenymid+np\y# xp\frame_end=7 pl\kills=pl\kills+1 Gosub respawn_NPC Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf Next If ImageRectOverlap(bullet1,screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen ;For pl.player=Each player ;and only check for player if on screen too If pl\freq<>bu\freq And ImagesCollide(bullet1,bu\x#,bu\y#,0,ship_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-wg\dmg If pl\shield<0 Then pl\hp=CapIntMin( pl\hp+pl\shield , 0 ) pl\shield=0 If pl\hp<=0 And GodMode=False Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y# dm\s#=2table_sinA(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#) dm\t#=2table_cosA(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y# xp\frame_end=7 pl\deaths=pl\deaths+1 Gosub respawn_Player Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bu\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bu\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bu Goto stop_bullet EndIf ;Next DrawImage bullet1,screenxmid+bu\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bu\y#-pl\y#,bu\frame# If bu\particle_t=0 ;release particle trail pa.particle=New particle pa\x#=bu\x# pa\y#=bu\y# pa\col_x=0 pa\col_y=wg\trail bu\particle_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bu\particle_t=bu\particle_t-1 EndIf bu\frame#=bu\frame#+.1FL\SpeedFactor# ;advance bullet frame If bu\frame#>bu\frame_end Then bu\frame#=bu\frame_end-3 EndIf If MilliSecs()-bu\life_t>wg\life Then Delete bu .stop_bullet Next Return .update_trails For tr.trail=Each trail DrawImage trail,screenxmid+tr\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+tr\y#-pl\y#,tr\frame# tr\frame#=tr\frame+1FL\SpeedFactor# If tr\frame#>tr\frame_end Then Delete tr Next ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_bombs For bm.bomb=Each bomb wb.weap_bmb=bm\bmb bm\x#=bm\x#+bm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# bm\y#=bm\y#+bm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# For np.npc=Each npc If bm\freq<>np\freq And ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,ship_jv,np\x#,np\y#,200+Floor#(np\angle#/9)+40Int(np\roll#)) np\shield=np\shield-wb\dmg If np\shield<0 Then np\hp=np\hp+np\shield np\shield=0 If np\hp<=0 Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x# dm\y#=screenymid+np\y# dm\s#=2table_sinA(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#) dm\t#=2table_cosA(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+np\x# xp\y#=screenymid+np\y# xp\frame_end=7 pl\kills=pl\kills+1 Gosub respawn_NPC Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf Next If ImageRectOverlap(bombs,screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) ;only draw if on screen ;For pl.player=Each player If pl\freq<>bm\freq And ImagesCollide(bombs,bm\x#,bm\y#,0,ship_wb,pl\x#,pl\y#,200+Floor#(pl\angle#/9)+40Int(pl\roll#)) pl\shield=pl\shield-wb\dmg If pl\shield<0 Then pl\hp=CapIntMin( pl\hp+pl\shield , 0 ) pl\shield=0 If pl\hp<=0 And GodMode=False Then For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_wb dm\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# dm\y#=screenymid+pl\y# dm\s#=2table_sinA(Rand(44)a)+(pl\s#) dm\t#=2table_cosA(Rand(44)a)-(pl\t#) dm\frame#=10a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode1 xp\x#=screenxmid+pl\x# xp\y#=screenymid+pl\y# xp\frame_end=7 pl\deaths=pl\deaths+1 Gosub respawn_Player Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0 xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Else xp.explosion=New explosion xp\img=explode0_s xp\x#=screenxmid+bm\x# xp\y#=screenymid+bm\y# xp\frame_end=6 EndIf Delete bm Goto stop_bomb EndIf ;Next DrawImage bombs,screenxmid+bm\x#-pl\x#,screenymid+bm\y#-pl\y#,bm\frame# If bm\trail_t=0 tr.trail=New trail tr\x#=bm\x# tr\y#=bm\y# tr\frame#=wb\trail tr\frame_end=wb\trail+7 bm\trail_t=10FL\SpeedFactor Else bm\trail_t=bm\trail_t-1 EndIf bm\frame#=bm\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If bm\frame#>bm\frame_end Then bm\frame#=bm\frame_end-9 EndIf If MilliSecs()-bm\life_t>wb\life Then Delete bm .stop_bomb Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_m ;moving junk For dm.debris_m=Each debris_m If ImageRectOverlap(dm\img,dm\x#-pl\x#,dm\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) Then DrawImage dm\img,dm\x#-pl\x#,dm\y#-pl\y#,dm\frame# dm\frame#=dm\frame#+((Abs(dm\s#)+Abs(dm\t#))/8)FL\SpeedFactor# If dm\frame#>dm\frame_end Then dm\frame#=dm\frame_end-9 EndIf dm\x#=dm\x#+dm\s#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\y#=dm\y#-dm\t#FL\SpeedFactor# dm\s#=dm\s#-Sgn(dm\s#)/150 dm\t#=dm\t#-Sgn(dm\t#)/150 If Abs(dm\s#+dm\t#)<0.1 ds.debris_s=New debris_s ds\img=dm\img ds\x#=dm\x# ds\y#=dm\y# ds\frame#=dm\frame# ds\frame_end=dm\frame_end Delete dm EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_debris_s ;still junk For ds.debris_s=Each debris_s If ImageRectOverlap(ds\img,ds\x#-pl\x#,ds\y#-pl\y#,0,0,screenx,screeny) Then DrawImage ds\img,ds\x#-pl\x#,ds\y#-pl\y#,ds\frame# ds\frame#=ds\frame#+.02FL\SpeedFactor# If ds\frame#>ds\frame_end Then ds\frame#=ds\frame_end-9 EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_explosion For xp.explosion=Each explosion DrawImage xp\img,xp\x#-pl\x#,xp\y#-pl\y#,xp\frame# xp\frame#=xp\frame#+.5FL\SpeedFactor# If xp\frame#>xp\frame_end Then Delete xp Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .update_radar xmod=screenx-radarsize-8 ymod=screeny-radarsize-8 Color colour(currentcol,16,0),colour(currentcol,16,1),colour(currentcol,16,2) ;radar background Rect screenx-radarsize-8,screeny-radarsize-8,radarsize,radarsize,True Color colour(currentcol,1,0),colour(currentcol,1,1),colour(currentcol,1,2) ;radar border1 Rect screenx-radarsize-9,screeny-radarsize-9,radarsize+2,radarsize+2,False Color colour(currentcol,2,0),colour(currentcol,2,1),colour(currentcol,2,2) ;radar border2 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-10,radarsize+4,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,3,0),colour(currentcol,3,1),colour(currentcol,3,2) ;radar border3 Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-radarsize-11,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-10,screeny-6,radarsize+4,1,False Rect screenx-radarsize-11,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Rect screenx-6,screeny-radarsize-10,1,radarsize+4,False Color colour(currentcol,28,0),colour(currentcol,28,1),colour(currentcol,28,2) ;player Rect xmod+radarsize/2,ymod+radarsize/2,2,2,False For np.npc=Each npc If RectsOverlap(np\x#,np\y#,36,36,pl\x#-radarrange/2,pl\y#-radarrange/2,radarrange,radarrange) Color colour(currentcol,34,0),colour(currentcol,34,1),colour(currentcol,34,2) Rect xmod+radarsize/2+(np\x#-pl\x#)/(radarrange/radarsize),ymod+radarsize/2+(np\y#-pl\y#)/(radarrange/radarsize),2,2,False EndIf Next Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .respawn_Player pl\x=Rand(-screenx/2,screenx/2) pl\y=Rand(-screenx/2,screenx/2) pl\s=Rnd(.5,1)(Rand(0,1)2-1) pl\t=Rnd(.5,1)(Rand(0,1)2-1) pl\angle=Rand(0,359) pl\shield=1500 pl\hp=800 Return ;---------------------------------------------------- ;---------------------------------------------------- .respawn_NPC ; some more variation (to discourage spawnkilling ^^) np\x=Rand(-screenx/2,screenx/2) np\y=Rand(-screenx/2,screenx/2) ; random velocity (drifting away from spawn point) np\s=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) np\t=Rnd(1,2)(Rand(0,1)2-1) ; random angle np\angle=Rand(0,359) np\shield=1000 np\hp=800 Return ;------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Const unreachable=-1001 Function InterceptAngle( ex#,ey# , evx#,evy# , px#,py# , pvx#,pvy# , bs# , maxtime=0 ) ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------;----------------------------------- ; Find projectile intercept angle from Source (Enemy) to Target (Player) ; Algorithm: Eelco <eelco_hoogendoorn@hotmail.com> ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------; Wrapper: Teasy <thechange@yahoo.com> ; Parameters ; Source: INTER~29.BB ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; (ex,ey) Enemy position ; evx & evy Enemy velocity vector ; (px,py) Player position ; pvx & pvy Player velocity vector ; bs Bullet speed ; maxradius Radius for the player to be in (now or future), 0 = no limit ; maxtime Only shoot if (future) time of impact is below this amount ; (0 = no limit) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Make player motion relative to enemy motion ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local es# = Sqr( evxevx + evyevy ) Local ea# = ATan2( evy,evx ) ; Local ps# = Sqr( pvxpvx + pvypvy ) Local pa# = ATan2( pvy,pvx ) ; Local rpvx#=pvx-evx ; Relative player velocity Local rpvy#=pvy-evy ; (Cart vector) ; ps=Sqr( rpvxrpvx + rpvyrpvy ) ; Relative player motion (polar) vector pa=ATan2( -rpvy,rpvx ) ; Warning: overrides ps,pa ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Relative distance to player from enemy ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Local rx#=px-ex ; Relative player-enemy distance Local ry#=py-ey ; (Cart vector) ; ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player must be moving ;--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; If Abs( ps )>=0.000001 ; If player speed is more than a little ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Find where player will be, using player motion and bullet speed ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : Local a#=ATan2( ey-py,ex-px ) ; Angle player->enemy Local n#=Sin( -pa-a )/bsps ; Angle relative to player, speed scaled ; : ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Player path must be within range for bullet to hit ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : If n>=-1 And n<=1 ; Can bullet ever hit player? ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; New bullet motion for impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local ba#=180+ASin( n )-a ; Rotated angle back to enemy ; : ; Local bvx#=Cos( ba )bs ; New bullet velocity (cart) vector Local bvy#=-Sin( ba )bs ; : ; ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; See when the bullet will impact ;------------------------------------------------------------------- ; : ; Local d#=bvypvx - bvxpvy ; Intersection ; : ; If Abs( d )>=0.000001 ; Avoid infinitely small Local t#=( bvxry - bvyrx )/d ; Time of intersection ; : ; \| If Not ( maxtime>0 And t>=maxtime Or t<0 ) ; Time must be in future but not too far Return VectorAngle( bvx,bvy ) ; Convert back to: Up = 0 degrees EndIf ; : ; \| EndIf ; : ; EndIf EndIf ; Return unreachable End Function ; polar & cartesian coordinate conversion routines Function VectorX# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle ) * Distance End Function Function VectorY# ( Distance# , Angle# ) Return Sin ( Angle - 90 ) * Distance End Function Function VectorDistance# ( X# , Y# ) Return Sqr ( X * X + Y * Y ) End Function Function VectorAngle# ( X# , Y# ) Return -ATan2 ( X , Y ) + 180 End Function ; return relative angle difference (takes angle wrapping into account) ; - max angle difference: 359 degrees Function AngleDifference#( CurrentAngle# , TargetAngle# ) If TargetAngle - CurrentAngle > 180 Then TargetAngle = TargetAngle - 360 If CurrentAngle - TargetAngle > 180 Then CurrentAngle = CurrentAngle - 360 Return CurrentAngle - TargetAngle End Function Function CapFloat#( Value# , Min#,Max# ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function CapInt( Value , Min,Max ) If Value < Min Then Return Min If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function CapIntMin( Value , Min ) If Value < Min Then Return Min Return Value End Function Function CapIntMax( Value, Max ) If Value > Max Then Return Max Return Value End Function Function RangeFloat#( Value# , Max#=360 ) If Value < 0 Then Return Max - Abs( Value ) Mod Max If Value >= Max Then Return Value Mod Max Return Value End Function Function RangeInt%( Value% , Max%=360 ) If Value < 0 Then Return Max - Abs( Value ) Mod Max If Value >= Max Then Return Value Mod Max Return Value End Function Function DrawGrid( x,y , w,h , ww,wh ) Local px = x Mod w Repeat Rect px,0 , 1,wh px = px + w Until px >= ww Local py = y Mod h Repeat Rect 0,py , ww,1 py = py + h Until py >= wh End Function ; pad string with spaces, limited to max size Function ps$( msg% , maxchars=4 , padchar$=" " ) Local length = Len( msg ) ; too big If length > maxchars ; keep only right part Return Right( msg , maxchars ) ; too small ElseIf length < maxchars ; pad right with spaces Return msg + String( padchar , maxchars-length ) End If ; perfect Return msg End Function ;Function test_ps() ; For i=0 To 10 ; n$ = Left( "abcdefghij" , i ) ; Print n+" -> ("+ps(n)+")" ; Next ; WaitKey ; End ;End Function --v spacewars4b-tc1.bb
Fri, 22 Oct 2010, 10:15
j\\'ordos	Wow this is an enormous improvement for the AI! Excellent work Teasy, I love teamwork ^^ Ah I understand the handle/object use a bit better now. Thx for the quick overview. Looks like I'll need to use the target var as intended then, so I can use it to track both player as AI ships. Also I eventually want to have some capital ships flying around which may (or may not) become an entirely different class. I will need to find some images for large ships though, there are none in subspace/continuum. I'm still going over all the changes (an extra if then condition for the reverse thrust! The horror! ), thanks for the optimizations, those will be useful as I want to have lots of little ships duking it out . The doubled sin/cos table is a great idea! There does seem to be something wrong with the accurate tables though; you only used them for the debris scattering which didn't scatter anymore. Replacing the accurate table with the standard 9 degree interleaved one fixed it though. Can't see anything wrong with them at first glance... Dim table_sinA#(sincostablesize) Dim table_cosA#(sincostablesize) For a=0 To sincostablesize table_sin(a)=Sin(a) table_cos(a)=Cos(a) Next .. For a=0 To 8 dm.debris_m=New debris_m dm\img=junk_jv dm\x#=screenxmid+np\x# dm\y#=screenymid+np\y# dm\s#=table_sinA(Rand(44)a)+(np\s#) dm\t#=table_cosA(Rand(44)a)-(np\t#) dm\frame#=10*a dm\frame_end=dm\frame#+9 Next --v (by the way, there wouldn't be any way to preserve tabs when copying code from here would there? ) I'm aware of the automatic integer conversion but that uses int and not floor isn't it? I remember having a reason for wanting floor instead of int, though I can't remember it The interlace effect is fun by the way, works wonders on the background! (at least when in turbo mode) though it does make me dizzy when the grid is on :s Would be better if the UI wasn't affected I think... anyway, I'm off doing some more work!
Fri, 22 Oct 2010, 13:22
Jayenkai	It "should" preserve it.. What browser/iDE combo are you using? -=-=- ''Load, Next List!''
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Ship roll

Target intercept

Include files

ImagesCollide