Scaling terrain...

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Socoder -> On Topic -> Scaling terrain...
Sun, 15 Mar 2020, 07:58
Afr0	Scaling terrain... I'm trying to make [technically: recreate] a terrain renderer. So far I have the heightmap renderer working, and the shader for shading the terrain. But I need to make the terrain like.... ten times bigger. That's what the original renderer did. Somehow I think I need to render the heightmap in tiles of 256x256 polygons (each texture for the terrain is 256 x 256 pixels). Does anyone have any idea how to do that? Here's my code: using System; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; using System.Drawing.Imaging; namespace Cityrenderer { /// <summary> /// This is the main type for your game. /// </summary> public class Game1 : Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private InputHelper m_Input = new InputHelper(); /private Effect m_Effect; private Texture2D m_Heightmap, m_VertexColor; private Texture2D m_SandTex, m_GrassTex, m_RockTex, m_SnowTex;/ private Texture2D m_Elevation, m_VertexColor, m_TerrainType, m_ForestType, m_ForestDensity, m_RoadMap; private Texture2D m_Grass, m_Sand, m_Snow, m_Rock, m_Forest, m_DefaultHouse, m_Water; private Texture2D m_WhiteLine, m_StpWhiteLine; private Texture2D[] m_TransA = new Texture2D[30], m_TransB = new Texture2D[30]; private Texture2D[] m_Roads = new Texture2D[16], m_RoadCorners = new Texture2D[16]; public Texture2D Atlas, RoadAtlas, RoadCAtlas, TransAtlas; private int m_Width, m_Height; private int m_CityNumber = 15; private int m_MeshTris = 0; private Vector3 m_LightPosition = new Vector3(); private float m_ViewOffX, m_ViewOffY, m_TargetVOffX, m_TargetVOffY; private bool m_Zoomed = false; private float m_ZoomProgress = 1.0f; private Vector2 m_MouseStart; private CityRenderer Renderer; private Grid m_Grid; private Effect m_PixelShader, m_VertexShader; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); /graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1024; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 768;/ Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; m_Grid = new Grid(this); m_Grid.CellSize = 4; m_Grid.Dimension = 512; } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run. /// This is where it can query for any required services and load any non-graphic /// related content. Calling base.Initialize will enumerate through any components /// and initialize them as well. /// </summary> protected override void Initialize() { graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport = new Viewport(0, 0, 800, 600); graphics.GraphicsProfile = GraphicsProfile.HiDef; base.Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// LoadContent will be called once per game and is the place to load /// all of your content. /// </summary> protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); string CityStr = GlobalSettings.Default.StartupPath + "cities\\" + ((m_CityNumber >= 10) ? "city_00" + m_CityNumber.ToString() : "city_000" + m_CityNumber.ToString()); Renderer = new CityRenderer(graphics.GraphicsDevice, CityStr, GlobalSettings.Default.StartupPath + "gamedata\\terrain\\newformat\\"); Renderer.Initialize(Content.Load<Effect>("Effects")); m_Grid.LoadGraphicsContent(); /m_PixelShader = Content.Load<Effect>("PixelShader"); m_VertexShader = Content.Load<Effect>("VTFDisplacement");/ /m_Elevation = Content.Load<Texture2D>(CityStr + "\\elevation.bmp"); m_Grass = LoadTexture(GlobalSettings.Default.StartupPath + "gamedata\\terrain\\newformat\\gr.tga"); m_Rock = LoadTexture(GlobalSettings.Default.StartupPath + "gamedata\\terrain\\newformat\\rk.tga"); m_Sand = LoadTexture(GlobalSettings.Default.StartupPath + "gamedata\\terrain\\newformat\\sd.tga"); m_Snow = LoadTexture(GlobalSettings.Default.StartupPath + "gamedata\\terrain\\newformat\\sn.tga");/ } /// <summary> /// Loads a texture from the specified path. /// </summary> /// <param name="Path">The path from which to load a texture.</param> /// <returns>A Texture2D instance.</returns> private Texture2D LoadTexture(string Path) { if (Path.Contains(".tga")) { MemoryStream Png = new MemoryStream(); Paloma.TargaImage TGA = new Paloma.TargaImage(new FileStream(Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)); TGA.Image.Save(Png, ImageFormat.Png); Png.Position = 0; return Texture2D.FromStream(graphics.GraphicsDevice, Png); } else return Texture2D.FromStream(graphics.GraphicsDevice, new FileStream(Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)); } /// <summary> /// UnloadContent will be called once per game and is the place to unload /// game-specific content. /// </summary> protected override void UnloadContent() { // TODO: Unload any non ContentManager content here } /// <summary> /// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world, /// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed \|\| Keyboard.GetState().IsKeyDown(Keys.Escape)) Exit(); Renderer.Update(m_Input); base.Update(gameTime); } /// <summary> /// This is called when the game should draw itself. /// </summary> /// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param> protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { //Renderer.GenerateMesh(); graphics.GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState = RasterizerState.CullNone; //don't cull graphics.GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; Renderer.Draw(); base.Draw(gameTime); } } } --v using System; using System.IO; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace Cityrenderer { public enum TerrainType : int { Grass = 0, Rock = 1, Sand = 2, Snow = 3, Water = 4, Unused = 5 } public class CityRenderer { private string m_CityPath = "", m_TerrainPath = ""; private GraphicsDevice m_Device; private Texture2D m_Elevation, m_TerrainType, m_VertexColor; private Texture2D m_Grass, m_Rock, m_Sand, m_Snow, m_Water; private Camera m_Camera; private CityCameraController m_CController; private Vector2 m_MouseStart; private Effect m_Effect; private int m_TerrainWidth, m_TerrainHeight; private float[,] m_HeightData; private int[] m_Indices; private /VertexPositionNormalTexture[]/CityVertex[] m_Vertices; private Matrix m_ViewMatrix, m_ProjectionMatrix; public CityRenderer(GraphicsDevice Device, string CityPath, string TerrainPath) { m_CityPath = CityPath; m_TerrainPath = TerrainPath; m_Device = Device; } public void Initialize(Effect FX) { m_Effect = FX; m_Elevation = LoadTexture(m_CityPath + "\\elevation.bmp"); m_Elevation = RotateTexture(m_Elevation, 293); m_TerrainType = LoadTexture(m_CityPath + "\\terraintype.bmp"); m_TerrainType = RotateTexture(m_TerrainType); m_VertexColor = LoadTexture(m_CityPath + "\\vertexcolor.bmp"); m_VertexColor = RotateTexture(m_VertexColor); m_Grass = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "gr.tga"); m_Rock = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "rk.tga"); m_Water = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "wt.tga"); m_Sand = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "sd.tga"); m_Snow = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "sn.tga"); m_Camera = new Camera(m_Device); m_CController = new CityCameraController(m_Camera); LoadHeightData(m_Elevation); //SetUpCamera(); SetUpVertices(); SetUpIndices(); m_Elevation.Dispose(); } private void LoadHeightData(Texture2D HeightMap) { m_TerrainWidth = m_Elevation.Width; m_TerrainHeight = m_Elevation.Height; Color[] InitialHeightMapColors = new Color[m_TerrainWidth * m_TerrainHeight]; HeightMap.GetData(InitialHeightMapColors); //Color[] HeightMapColors = new Color[(m_TerrainWidth * 2) * (m_TerrainHeight * 2)]; Color[] HeightMapColors = new Color[(m_TerrainWidth) * (m_TerrainHeight)]; for (int i = 0; i < InitialHeightMapColors.Length; i++) { HeightMapColors[i] = InitialHeightMapColors[i]; //HeightMapColors[i + 1] = InitialHeightMapColors[i]; } m_HeightData = new float[m_TerrainWidth /** 2/, m_TerrainHeight /* 2/]; for (int x = 0; x < ((m_TerrainWidth) - 1); x++ /+= 2/) { for (int y = 0; y < ((m_TerrainHeight) - 1); y++ /+= 2/) { m_HeightData[x, y] = HeightMapColors[x + y m_TerrainWidth].R / 12.0f; m_HeightData[x + 1, y + 1] = HeightMapColors[(x + 1) + (y + 1) * m_TerrainWidth].R / 12.0f; } } } private void SetUpVertices() { m_Vertices = new CityVertex[(m_TerrainWidth /** 2/) (m_TerrainHeight /** 2/)]; for (int x = 0; x < (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/); x++) { for (int y = 0; y < (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/); y++) { m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].Position = new Vector3(x, m_HeightData[x, y], -y); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].Normal = Vector3.Up; m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].TerrainTypeCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].BlendCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].GrassCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].RockCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].SandCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].SnowCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].WaterCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/)); } } } /// <summary> /// Rotates a texture by 44.7 degrees, in order to make it easier to render. /// </summary> /// <returns>A texture rotated by 44.7 degrees.</returns> private Texture2D RotateTexture(Texture2D TextureToRotate, int TextureWidth = 512) { SpriteBatch SBatch = new SpriteBatch(m_Device); RenderTarget2D RTarget = new RenderTarget2D(m_Device, TextureWidth, 512); m_Device.Clear(Color.Black); SBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.LinearWrap, DepthStencilState.None, RasterizerState.CullCounterClockwise, null); m_Device.SetRenderTarget(RTarget); SBatch.Draw(TextureToRotate, new Vector2(-275, 250), null, Color.White, (float)-44.77, new Vector2(0, 0), 1.26f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); SBatch.End(); m_Device.SetRenderTarget(null); SBatch = null; return RTarget; } private void SetUpIndices() { m_Indices = new int[((m_TerrainWidth /* 2/) - 1) ((m_TerrainHeight /** 2/) - 1) 6]; int counter = 0; for (int y = 0; y < (m_TerrainHeight /** 2/) - 1; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < (m_TerrainWidth /* 2/) - 1; x++) { int lowerLeft = x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/); int lowerRight = (x + 1) + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/); int topLeft = x + (y + 1) (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/); int topRight = (x + 1) + (y + 1) (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/); m_Indices[counter++] = topLeft; m_Indices[counter++] = lowerRight; m_Indices[counter++] = lowerLeft; m_Indices[counter++] = topLeft; m_Indices[counter++] = topRight; m_Indices[counter++] = lowerRight; } } } /// <summary> /// Loads a texture from the specified path. /// </summary> /// <param name="Path">The path from which to load a texture.</param> /// <returns>A Texture2D instance.</returns> private Texture2D LoadTexture(string Path) { if (Path.Contains(".tga")) { MemoryStream Png = new MemoryStream(); Paloma.TargaImage TGA = new Paloma.TargaImage(new FileStream(Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)); TGA.Image.Save(Png, ImageFormat.Png); Png.Position = 0; return Texture2D.FromStream(m_Device, Png); } else return Texture2D.FromStream(m_Device, new FileStream(Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)); } public void Update(InputHelper Input) { Input.Update(); m_CController.Update(Input); } public void Draw() { Matrix WorldMatrix = Matrix.CreateTranslation((-m_TerrainWidth /* 2/) / 2.0f, 0, (m_TerrainHeight /* 2/) / 2.0f); m_Effect.CurrentTechnique = m_Effect.Techniques["Textured"]; //m_Effect.Parameters["TerrainTypeSampler"].SetValue(m_TerrainType); m_Effect.Parameters["Blend"].SetValue(m_VertexColor); /m_Effect.Parameters["GrassSampler"].SetValue(m_Grass); m_Effect.Parameters["RockSampler"].SetValue(m_Rock); m_Effect.Parameters["SandSampler"].SetValue(m_Sand); //m_Effect.Parameters["SnowSampler"].SetValue(m_Snow); m_Effect.Parameters["WaterSampler"].SetValue(m_Water);/ //m_Effect.Parameters["xTexture"].SetValue(m_Grass); m_Effect.Parameters["TerrainType"].SetValue(m_TerrainType); m_Effect.Parameters["Grass"].SetValue(m_Grass); m_Effect.Parameters["Rock"].SetValue(m_Rock); m_Effect.Parameters["Sand"].SetValue(m_Sand); m_Effect.Parameters["Snow"].SetValue(m_Snow); m_Effect.Parameters["Water"].SetValue(m_Water); m_Effect.Parameters["xView"].SetValue(m_CController.View); m_Effect.Parameters["xProjection"].SetValue(m_CController.Projection); m_Effect.Parameters["xWorld"].SetValue(WorldMatrix); RasterizerState RS = new RasterizerState(); RS.CullMode = CullMode.None; //RS.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame; m_Device.RasterizerState = RS; m_Device.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); foreach (EffectPass Pass in m_Effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { Pass.Apply(); m_Device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, m_Vertices, 0, m_Vertices.Length, m_Indices, 0, m_Indices.Length / 3, CityVertex.VertexElements); } } } } --v using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace Cityrenderer { public struct CityVertex : IVertexType { public Vector3 Position; public Vector4 Color; //public Vector2 TextureCoord; public Vector2 TerrainTypeCoord; public Vector2 GrassCoord; public Vector2 RockCoord; public Vector2 SandCoord; public Vector2 BlendCoord; public Vector2 SnowCoord; public Vector2 WaterCoord; public Vector3 Normal; //public static int SizeInBytes = sizeof(float) 10; public static int SizeInBytes = sizeof(float) * 24; public static readonly VertexDeclaration VertexElements = new VertexDeclaration( new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3, VertexElementFormat.Vector4, VertexElementUsage.Color, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 7, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 9, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 1), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 11, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 2), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 13, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 3), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 15, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 4), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 17, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 5), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 19, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 6), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * /7/21, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Normal, 0) ); VertexDeclaration IVertexType.VertexDeclaration { get { return VertexElements; } } } } --v /This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. The Original Code is the CityRenderer. The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Mats 'Afr0' Vederhus. All Rights Reserved. Contributor(s): / using System; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; namespace Cityrenderer { /// <summary> /// A controller that sets up the camera to view the city. /// </summary> public class CityCameraController : CameraController { private float m_ViewOffsetX = 0.0f, m_ViewOffsetY = 0.0f, m_TargetViewOffsetX, m_TargetViewOffsetY; private Vector2 m_MouseStart = new Vector2(); private int m_ScreenWidth, m_ScreenHeight; private bool m_Zoomed = false; private bool m_MouseMoved = false; public CityCameraController(Camera Cam) { m_Camera = Cam; m_Camera.RotationX = 45f; m_Camera.RotationY = 30.0f; m_Camera.TranslationX = -360.0f; m_Camera.TranslationY = -262.0f; m_Camera.Zoom = 1.0f; m_Camera.Position = Vector3.Zero; m_Camera.FarZoomScale = 5.10f; m_Camera.NearZoomScale = /144.0f/30f; m_ScreenWidth = Cam.Device.Viewport.Width; m_ScreenHeight = Cam.Device.Viewport.Height; CalculateProjection(); CalculateView(); } /// <summary> /// Updates this CityCameraController. /// All calculations: FreeSO Project, /// https://github.com/RHY3756547/FreeSO/blob/master/TSOClient/tso.client/Rendering/City/Terrain.cs /// <param name="Input">An InputHelper instance.</param> /// </summary> public void Update(InputHelper Input) { m_MouseMoved = Input.IsCurPress(MouseButtons.RightButton); if (Input.IsNewPress(MouseButtons.RightButton)) m_MouseStart = new Vector2(Input.CurrentMouseState.X, Input.CurrentMouseState.Y); else if(Input.IsOldPress(MouseButtons.LeftButton)) { if(!m_Zoomed) { m_Zoomed = true; double ResScale = 768.0 / m_ScreenHeight; double IsoScale = (Math.Sqrt(0.5 * 0.5 * 2) / 5.10) * ResScale; double HB = m_ScreenWidth * IsoScale; double VB = m_ScreenHeight * IsoScale; m_TargetViewOffsetX = (float)(-HB + Input.CurrentMouseState.X * IsoScale * 2); m_TargetViewOffsetY = (float)(VB - Input.CurrentMouseState.Y * IsoScale * 2); } } FixedTimeUpdate(Input); m_ViewOffsetX = m_TargetViewOffsetX * m_Camera.ZoomProgress; m_ViewOffsetY = m_TargetViewOffsetY * m_Camera.ZoomProgress; CalculateProjection(); } /// <summary> /// Updates this CityCameraController. All calculations: /// https://github.com/RHY3756547/FreeSO/blob/master/TSOClient/tso.client/Rendering/City/Terrain.cs /// </summary> /// <param name="Input">An InputHelper instance.</param> private void FixedTimeUpdate(InputHelper Input) { if(!m_Zoomed) m_Camera.ZoomProgress += (0 - m_Camera.ZoomProgress) / 5.0f; else { m_Camera.ZoomProgress += (1.0f - m_Camera.ZoomProgress) / 5.0f; if(m_MouseMoved) { m_TargetViewOffsetX += (Input.CurrentMouseState.X - m_MouseStart.X) / 1000; m_TargetViewOffsetY -= (Input.CurrentMouseState.Y - m_MouseStart.Y) / 1000; } /m_TargetViewOffsetX = Math.Max(-135, Math.Min(m_TargetViewOffsetX, 138)); m_TargetViewOffsetY = Math.Max(-100, Math.Min(m_TargetViewOffsetY, 103));/ } if (m_MouseMoved) { m_TargetViewOffsetX += (Input.CurrentMouseState.X - m_MouseStart.X) / 1000; //move by fraction of distance between the mouse and where it started in both axis m_TargetViewOffsetY -= (Input.CurrentMouseState.Y - m_MouseStart.Y) / 1000; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the position for this controller's camera. /// </summary> public Vector3 Position { get { return m_Camera.Position; } set { m_Camera.Position = value; } } /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the zoom for this controller's camera. /// </summary> public float Zoom { get { return m_Camera.Zoom; } set { m_Camera.Zoom = value; } } /// <summary> /// Which zoom progress is the camera currently at? /// </summary> public float ZoomProgress { get { return m_Camera.ZoomProgress; } set { m_Camera.ZoomProgress = value; } } /// <summary> /// Calculates the view for this controller's camera. /// </summary> protected override void CalculateView() { if (m_Camera.ViewDirty) { m_Camera.View = Matrix.Identity; m_Camera.View = Matrix.CreateScale(1.0f, 0.5f + ((1.0f - m_Camera.ZoomProgress) / 2.0f), 1.0f); m_Camera.View = Matrix.CreateRotationY((m_Camera.RotationX / 180.0f) * MathHelper.Pi); m_Camera.View = Matrix.CreateRotationX((m_Camera.RotationY / 180.0f) MathHelper.Pi); m_Camera.View = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(m_Camera.TranslationX, 0.0f, m_Camera.TranslationY)); m_Camera.ViewDirty = false; } } /// <summary> /// Calculates the projection for this controller's camera. /// </summary> protected override void CalculateProjection() { if (m_Camera.ProjectionDirty) { float ResScale = 768.0f / m_ScreenHeight; float FisoScale = (float)(Math.Sqrt(0.5f 0.5f * 2.0f) / m_Camera.FarZoomScale) * ResScale; float ZisoScale = (float)Math.Sqrt(0.5f * 0.5f * 2.0f) / m_Camera.NearZoomScale; float IsoScale = ((1.0f - m_Camera.ZoomProgress) * FisoScale + (m_Camera.ZoomProgress) * ZisoScale); float HB = ((m_ScreenWidth) * IsoScale); float VB = ((m_ScreenHeight) * IsoScale); m_Camera.Projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographicOffCenter(-HB + m_ViewOffsetX, HB + m_ViewOffsetX, -VB + m_ViewOffsetY, VB + m_ViewOffsetY, 0.1f, 524); m_Camera.ProjectionDirty = false; } } } } --v /This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. The Original Code is the CityRenderer. The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Mats 'Afr0' Vederhus. All Rights Reserved. Contributor(s): / using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; namespace Cityrenderer { /// <summary> /// A controller for the camera. Responsible for updating calculating view, projection and so on. /// </summary> public abstract class CameraController { protected Camera m_Camera; /// <summary> /// The projection of this camera controller's camera. /// </summary> public Matrix Projection { get { if (m_Camera.ProjectionDirty) CalculateProjection(); return m_Camera.Projection; } } /// <summary> /// The view of this camera controller's camera. /// </summary> public Matrix View { get { if (m_Camera.ViewDirty) CalculateView(); return m_Camera.View; } } protected abstract void CalculateProjection(); protected abstract void CalculateView(); } } --v HLSL Shader //------------------------------------------------------ //-- -- //-- www.riemers.net -- //-- Basic shaders -- //-- Use/modify as you like -- //-- -- //------------------------------------------------------ struct VertexToPixel { float4 Position : POSITION; float4 Color : COLOR0; //float2 TextureCoords : TEXCOORD0; float2 TerrainTypeCoords : TEXCOORD0; float2 GrassCoords : TEXCOORD1; float2 RockCoords : TEXCOORD2; float2 SandCoords : TEXCOORD3; float2 BlendCoords : TEXCOORD4; float2 SnowCoords : TEXCOORD5; float2 WaterCoords : TEXCOORD6; float3 LightingFactor : NORMAL0; }; struct PixelToFrame { float4 Color : COLOR0; }; //------- XNA-to-HLSL variables -------- float4x4 xView; float4x4 xProjection; float4x4 xWorld; float3 xLightDirection; float xAmbient; bool xEnableLighting; bool xShowNormals; //------- Texture Samplers -------- /texture2D xTexture; SamplerState TextureSampler { magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; };/ texture2D Blend; SamplerState BlendSampler { Texture = <Blend>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = CLAMP; AddressV = CLAMP; }; texture2D TerrainType; SamplerState TerrainTypeSampler { Texture = <TerrainType>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; }; texture2D Grass; SamplerState GrassSampler { Texture = <Grass>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; }; texture2D Rock; SamplerState RockSampler { Texture = <Rock>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; }; texture2D Sand; SamplerState SandSampler { Texture = <Sand>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; }; texture2D Snow; SamplerState SnowSampler { Texture = <Snow>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; }; texture2D Water; SamplerState WaterSampler { Texture = <Water>; magfilter = LINEAR; minfilter = LINEAR; mipfilter = LINEAR; AddressU = mirror; AddressV = mirror; }; //------- Technique: Pretransformed -------- VertexToPixel PretransformedVS(float4 inPos : POSITION, float4 inColor : COLOR) { VertexToPixel Output = (VertexToPixel)0; Output.Position = inPos; Output.Color = inColor; return Output; } PixelToFrame PretransformedPS(VertexToPixel PSIn) { PixelToFrame Output = (PixelToFrame)0; Output.Color = PSIn.Color; return Output; } technique Pretransformed_2_0 { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0_level_9_1 PretransformedVS(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0_level_9_1 PretransformedPS(); } } technique Pretransformed { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0_level_9_1 PretransformedVS(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0_level_9_1 PretransformedPS(); } } //------- Technique: Colored -------- VertexToPixel ColoredVS(float4 inPos : POSITION, float4 inColor : COLOR, float3 inNormal : NORMAL) { VertexToPixel Output = (VertexToPixel)0; float4x4 preViewProjection = mul(xView, xProjection); float4x4 preWorldViewProjection = mul(xWorld, preViewProjection); Output.Position = mul(inPos, preWorldViewProjection); Output.Color = inColor; float3 Normal = normalize(mul(normalize(inNormal), xWorld)); Output.LightingFactor = 1; if (xEnableLighting) Output.LightingFactor = saturate(dot(Normal, -xLightDirection)); return Output; } PixelToFrame ColoredPS(VertexToPixel PSIn) { PixelToFrame Output = (PixelToFrame)0; Output.Color = PSIn.Color; Output.Color.rgb = saturate(PSIn.LightingFactor + xAmbient); return Output; } technique Colored_2_0 { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0_level_9_1 ColoredVS(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0_level_9_1 ColoredPS(); } } technique Colored { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0_level_9_1 ColoredVS(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0_level_9_1 ColoredPS(); } } //------- Technique: Textured -------- VertexToPixel TexturedVS(float4 inPos : POSITION, float4 inColor : COLOR0, float2 inTexCoords : TEXCOORD0, float2 inGrassCoords : TEXCOORD1, float2 inRockCoords : TEXCOORD2, float2 inSandCoords : TEXCOORD3, float2 inBlendCoords : TEXCOORD4, float2 inSnowCoords : TEXCOORD5, float2 inWaterCoords : TEXCOORD6, float3 inNormal : NORMAL) { VertexToPixel Output = (VertexToPixel)0; float4x4 preViewProjection = mul(xView, xProjection); float4x4 preWorldViewProjection = mul(xWorld, preViewProjection); Output.Position = mul(inPos, preWorldViewProjection); Output.Color = inColor; //Output.TextureCoords = inTexCoords; Output.TerrainTypeCoords = inTexCoords; Output.GrassCoords = inGrassCoords; Output.RockCoords = inRockCoords; Output.SandCoords = inSandCoords; Output.BlendCoords = inBlendCoords; Output.SnowCoords = inSnowCoords; Output.WaterCoords = inWaterCoords; float3 Normal = normalize(mul(normalize(inNormal), xWorld)); Output.LightingFactor = 1; if (xEnableLighting) Output.LightingFactor = saturate(dot(Normal, -xLightDirection)); return Output; } PixelToFrame TexturedPS(VertexToPixel PSIn) { PixelToFrame Output = (PixelToFrame)0; /float4 Color = TerrainType.Sample(TerrainTypeSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); float4 GrassClr = float4(0, 255, 0, 255); float4 RockClr = float4(255, 0, 0, 255); float4 SandClr = float4(255, 255, 0, 255); float4 SnowClr = float4(255, 255, 255, 255); float4 WaterClr = float4(12, 0, 255, 255); float4 Diff = Color - GrassClr; if (!any(Diff)) Output.Color = tex2D(GrassSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); Diff = Color - RockClr; if (!any(Diff)) Output.Color = tex2D(RockSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); Diff = Color - SandClr; if(!any(Diff)) Output.Color = tex2D(SandSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); Diff = Color - SnowClr; if (!any(Diff)) Output.Color = tex2D(SnowSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); Diff = Color - WaterClr; if(!any(Diff)) Output.Color = tex2D(WaterSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords);/ //Output.Color = tex2D(TextureSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); //float4 Color = tex2D(TerrainTypeSampler, PSIn.TerrainTypeCoords); float4 Color = TerrainType.Sample(TerrainTypeSampler, PSIn.TerrainTypeCoords); float4 GrassClr = float4(0, 255, 0, 255); float4 RockClr = float4(255, 0, 0, 255); float4 SandClr = float4(255, 255, 0, 255); float4 SnowClr = float4(255, 255, 255, 255); float4 WaterClr = float4(12, 0, 255, 255); float4 GrassResult = tex2D(GrassSampler, PSIn.GrassCoords); float4 RockResult = tex2D(RockSampler, PSIn.RockCoords); float4 SandResult = tex2D(SandSampler, PSIn.SandCoords); float4 SnowResult = tex2D(SnowSampler, PSIn.SnowCoords); float4 WaterResult = tex2D(WaterSampler, PSIn.WaterCoords); float4 BaseColor = TerrainType.Sample(TerrainTypeSampler, PSIn.TerrainTypeCoords); if (all(Color == GrassClr)) BaseColor = GrassResult; if (all(Color == RockClr)) BaseColor = RockResult; if (!all(Color == SandClr)) BaseColor = SandResult; if (all(Color == SnowClr)) BaseColor = SnowResult; if (all(Color == WaterClr)) BaseColor = WaterResult; //Does color need to be assigned before control leaves the function??? //Output.Color = tex2D(TerrainTypeSampler, PSIn.TerrainTypeCoords); float4 BlendColor = Blend.Sample(BlendSampler, PSIn.BlendCoords); //float4 BaseColor = xTexture.Sample(TextureSampler, PSIn.TextureCoords); Output.Color = lerp(BaseColor, BlendColor, BlendColor.r); Output.Color = lerp(BaseColor, BlendColor, BlendColor.g); Output.Color = lerp(BaseColor, BlendColor, BlendColor.b); Output.Color.rgb = saturate(PSIn.LightingFactor + xAmbient); return Output; } technique Textured_2_0 { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0_level_9_1 TexturedVS(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0_level_9_1 TexturedPS(); } } technique Textured { pass Pass0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0_level_9_1 TexturedVS(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0_level_9_1 TexturedPS(); } } --v -=-=- Afr0 Games Project Dollhouse on Github - Please fork!
Sun, 15 Mar 2020, 08:39
Jayenkai	A tilemap is made up of lots of tiny blocks that are drawn or (more importantly) NOT drawn when on/offscreen. I can imagine that 3D techniques might allow for the same sort of thing. Instead of trying to create huge 256 blocks, what happens if you chop those into, say 64x64 blocks.. Then, instead of drawing, say a 256 and the next along 256, you're instead only drawing the 4x64's that are in view, and turning off those out of bounds.. Optimisation is the key, here. Trying to decide what is and isn't necessary. Also, this is a thread about technique. It didn't need 37kb of code. -=-=- ''Load, Next List!''
Sun, 15 Mar 2020, 10:54
Pakz	I think you might need a streaming terrain technique?
Sun, 15 Mar 2020, 17:08
shroom_monk	As well as culling to only draw what's on-screen (Jay's suggestion), you'll probably also want to consider generating multiple meshes at different level-of-detail levels from the same input heightmap, and using the lower LODs for the further away tiles. That should give a decent performance boost that allows you render further away and make your landscape bigger. Another technique to try (though this may depend on the art style you're going for) could be to introduce a fog effect at long distances, to make it harder to see where your rendering stops (since whatever you do, you're not going to be able to draw forever). A simple approach to that might be to use the depth buffer in your shader to tint / fade the pixels that are far away. -=-=- A mushroom a day keeps the doctor away... Keep It Simple, Shroom!
Mon, 16 Mar 2020, 04:51
Afr0	Thanks guys! Iâ€™m going to try to do research on some actual techniques for tiling in 3D -=-=- Afr0 Games Project Dollhouse on Github - Please fork!
Fri, 03 Apr 2020, 15:56
Afr0	Well, I finally got the city renderer working, at least. I still need to make it bigger, but I sorted out some texturing issues I was having. The original heightmap was rotated by ~45 degrees to make it fit into a POW2 texture (512x512). So I had to rotate it to make everything work. using System; using System.IO; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace Cityrenderer { public enum TerrainType : int { Grass = 0, Rock = 1, Sand = 2, Snow = 3, Water = 4, Unused = 5 } public class CityRenderer { private string m_CityPath = "", m_TerrainPath = ""; private GraphicsDevice m_Device; private Texture2D m_Elevation, m_TerrainType, m_VertexColor; private Texture2D m_Grass, m_Rock, m_Sand, m_Snow, m_Water; private Camera m_Camera; private CityCameraController m_CController; private Vector2 m_MouseStart; private Effect m_Effect; private int m_TerrainWidth, m_TerrainHeight; private float[,] m_HeightData; private int[] m_Indices; private CityVertex[] m_Vertices; private Matrix m_ViewMatrix, m_ProjectionMatrix; public CityRenderer(GraphicsDevice Device, string CityPath, string TerrainPath) { m_CityPath = CityPath; m_TerrainPath = TerrainPath; m_Device = Device; } public void Initialize(Effect FX) { m_Effect = FX; m_Elevation = LoadTexture(m_CityPath + "\\elevation.bmp"); m_Elevation = RotateTexture(m_Elevation, 256); m_TerrainType = LoadTexture(m_CityPath + "\\terraintype.bmp"); m_TerrainType = RotateTexture(m_TerrainType, 256); m_VertexColor = LoadTexture(m_CityPath + "\\vertexcolor.bmp"); m_VertexColor = RotateTexture(m_VertexColor, 256); m_Grass = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "gr.tga"); m_Rock = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "rk.tga"); m_Water = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "wt.tga"); m_Sand = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "sd.tga"); m_Snow = LoadTexture(m_TerrainPath + "sn.tga"); m_Camera = new Camera(m_Device); m_CController = new CityCameraController(m_Camera); LoadHeightData(m_Elevation); SetUpVertices(); SetUpIndices(); InitializeNormals(); m_Elevation.Dispose(); } private void LoadHeightData(Texture2D HeightMap) { m_TerrainWidth = m_Elevation.Width; m_TerrainHeight = m_Elevation.Height; Color[] InitialHeightMapColors = new Color[m_TerrainWidth * m_TerrainHeight]; HeightMap.GetData(InitialHeightMapColors); //Color[] HeightMapColors = new Color[(m_TerrainWidth * 2) * (m_TerrainHeight * 2)]; Color[] HeightMapColors = new Color[(m_TerrainWidth) * (m_TerrainHeight)]; for (int i = 0; i < InitialHeightMapColors.Length; i++) { HeightMapColors[i] = InitialHeightMapColors[i]; //HeightMapColors[i + 1] = InitialHeightMapColors[i]; } m_HeightData = new float[m_TerrainWidth, m_TerrainHeight]; for (int x = 0; x < ((m_TerrainWidth) - 1); x++) { for (int y = 0; y < ((m_TerrainHeight) - 1); y++) { m_HeightData[x, y] = HeightMapColors[x + y * m_TerrainWidth].R / 12.0f; m_HeightData[x + 1, y + 1] = HeightMapColors[(x + 1) + (y + 1) * m_TerrainWidth].R / 12.0f; } } } private void SetUpVertices() { m_Vertices = new CityVertex[(m_TerrainWidth) * (m_TerrainHeight)]; for (int x = 0; x < (m_TerrainWidth); x++) { for (int y = 0; y < (m_TerrainHeight); y++) { m_Vertices[x + y * (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].Position = new Vector3(x, m_HeightData[x, y], -y); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].Normal = Vector3.Up; m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].TerrainTypeCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].BlendCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].GrassCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].RockCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].SandCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].SnowCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); m_Vertices[x + y (m_TerrainWidth /** 2/)].WaterCoord = new Vector2((float)x / (m_TerrainWidth), (float)y / (m_TerrainHeight)); } } } private void SetUpIndices() { m_Indices = new int[((m_TerrainWidth) - 1) ((m_TerrainHeight) - 1) * 6]; int counter = 0; for (int y = 0; y < (m_TerrainHeight) - 1; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < (m_TerrainWidth) - 1; x++) { int lowerLeft = x + y * (m_TerrainWidth); int lowerRight = (x + 1) + y * (m_TerrainWidth); int topLeft = x + (y + 1) * (m_TerrainWidth); int topRight = (x + 1) + (y + 1) * (m_TerrainWidth); m_Indices[counter++] = topLeft; m_Indices[counter++] = lowerRight; m_Indices[counter++] = lowerLeft; m_Indices[counter++] = topLeft; m_Indices[counter++] = topRight; m_Indices[counter++] = lowerRight; } } } private void InitializeNormals() { for (int i = 0; i < m_Vertices.Length - 1; i++) m_Vertices[i].Normal = Vector3.Zero; for (int i = 0; i < m_Indices.Length - 1; i += 6) { int index0 = m_Indices[i]; int index1 = m_Indices[i + 1]; int index2 = m_Indices[i + 2]; int index3 = m_Indices[i + 3]; int index4 = m_Indices[i + 4]; int index5 = m_Indices[i + 5]; Vector3 side0 = m_Vertices[index0].Position - m_Vertices[index2].Position; Vector3 side1 = m_Vertices[index0].Position - m_Vertices[index1].Position; Vector3 normal = Vector3.Cross(side0, side1); Vector3 side2 = m_Vertices[index3].Position - m_Vertices[index5].Position; Vector3 side3 = m_Vertices[index3].Position - m_Vertices[index4].Position; Vector3 normal2 = Vector3.Cross(side2, side3); m_Vertices[index0].Normal += normal; m_Vertices[index1].Normal += normal; m_Vertices[index2].Normal += normal; m_Vertices[index3].Normal += normal2; m_Vertices[index4].Normal += normal2; m_Vertices[index5].Normal += normal2; } } /// <summary> /// Rotates a texture by 44.7 degrees, in order to make it easier to render. /// </summary> /// <returns>A texture rotated by 44.7 degrees.</returns> private Texture2D RotateTexture(Texture2D TextureToRotate, int TextureWidth = 512) { SpriteBatch SBatch = new SpriteBatch(m_Device); RenderTarget2D RTarget = new RenderTarget2D(m_Device, TextureWidth, 512); m_Device.Clear(Color.Black); SBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.LinearWrap, DepthStencilState.None, RasterizerState.CullCounterClockwise, null); m_Device.SetRenderTarget(RTarget); SBatch.Draw(TextureToRotate, new Vector2(-275, 250), null, Color.White, (float)MathHelper.ToRadians(-44.77f), new Vector2(0, 0), 1.26f, SpriteEffects.None, 0); SBatch.End(); m_Device.SetRenderTarget(null); SBatch = null; return RTarget; } /// <summary> /// Loads a texture from the specified path. /// </summary> /// <param name="Path">The path from which to load a texture.</param> /// <returns>A Texture2D instance.</returns> private Texture2D LoadTexture(string Path) { if (Path.Contains(".tga")) { MemoryStream Png = new MemoryStream(); Paloma.TargaImage TGA = new Paloma.TargaImage(new FileStream(Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)); TGA.Image.Save(Png, ImageFormat.Png); Png.Position = 0; return Texture2D.FromStream(m_Device, Png); } else return Texture2D.FromStream(m_Device, new FileStream(Path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)); } public void Update(InputHelper Input) { Input.Update(); m_CController.Update(Input); } public void Draw() { Matrix WorldMatrix = Matrix.CreateTranslation((-m_TerrainWidth) / 2.0f, 0, (m_TerrainHeight) / 2.0f); m_Effect.CurrentTechnique = m_Effect.Techniques["Textured"]; m_Effect.Parameters["Blend"].SetValue(m_VertexColor); m_Effect.Parameters["TerrainType"].SetValue(m_TerrainType); m_Effect.Parameters["Grass"].SetValue(m_Grass); m_Effect.Parameters["Rock"].SetValue(m_Rock); m_Effect.Parameters["Sand"].SetValue(m_Sand); m_Effect.Parameters["Snow"].SetValue(m_Snow); m_Effect.Parameters["Water"].SetValue(m_Water); m_Effect.Parameters["xView"].SetValue(m_CController.View); m_Effect.Parameters["xProjection"].SetValue(m_CController.Projection); m_Effect.Parameters["xWorld"].SetValue(WorldMatrix); RasterizerState RS = new RasterizerState(); RS.CullMode = CullMode.None; //RS.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame; m_Device.RasterizerState = RS; m_Device.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); foreach (EffectPass Pass in m_Effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { Pass.Apply(); m_Device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, m_Vertices, 0, m_Vertices.Length, m_Indices, 0, m_Indices.Length / 3, CityVertex.VertexElements); } } } } --v -=-=- Afr0 Games Project Dollhouse on Github - Please fork!